从《老乞大》四种版本看元明清方位短语作状语时南北类型差异比较  

Looking the Comparison Between the Difference in the North and the South From the Adverbial Position Phrases of Yuan Ming and Qing Dynasties of Lao Qi Da

作　　者：涂海强 Tu Haiqiang(The International Education College,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,325000)

机构地区：[1]温州大学国际教育学院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《语文学刊》2021年第5期31-39,共9页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“金元医籍语言研究”(17BYY134)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《老乞大》是14世纪中叶北方使用的汉语会话教材,白话程度相当高。它的成书、流传、修改、翻译历经元明清三个时代。文章主要从《老乞大》四种版本看元明清位方位短语作状语时南北类型差异。经过比较,认为南北类型差异主要表现在方位词的语义特征和“X+方”与“介+X+方”使用形式等方面。它们的差异反映了三个时代南北方方位短语作状语时语言使用习惯的趋同和汉民族共同语采用的优选形式“介+X+方”在向汉语规范化的过程中,更符合语言的交流。Lao Qi Da is a Chinese dialogue material of the mid-fourteenth century in the North.Its colloquialism is at advanced degree.It has a long history from Yuan dynasty to Qing dynasty when published,broadcasted,modified and translated.The paper mainly makes a comparison between the difference of the South and the North by analysis of the adverbial position phrase.In conclusion,the main difference between the two sides is the semantic characteristics of locatives,and the form in use of“X+locative”and“pp+X+locative”.Their distingustions reflect the linguistic similarities and differences at habit,“prep+x+position”is a preferred form,which is more in line with the communication between the North and the South toward the development of the regularized Chinese.

关 键 词：《老乞大》方位词 语义特征 方位短语 南北差异 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]