Beyond kidney stones:Why pediatricians should worry about hypercalciuria  

作　　者：Maria Goretti Moreira Guimarães Penido Marcelo de Sousa Tavares 

机构地区：[1]Pediatric Nephrology Unit,Nephrology Center,Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital,CEP 30150320,Belo Horizonte,Minas Gerais,Brazil [2]Pediatric Nephrology Unit,Pediatric Department,Clinics Hospital,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,CEP 30130100,Belo Horizonte,Minas Gerais,Brazil

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》2021年第6期137-150,共14页世界临床儿科杂志

摘　　要：The incidence of urolithiasis(UL)is increasing,and it has become more common in children and adolescents over the past few decades.Hypercalciuria is the leading metabolic risk factor of pediatric UL,and it has high morbidity,with or without lithiasis as hematuria and impairment of bone mass.The reduction in bone mineral density has already been described in pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria(IH),and the precise mechanisms of bone loss or failure to achieve adequate bone mass gain remain unknown.A current understanding is that hypercalciuria throughout life can be considered a risk of change in bone structure and low bone mass throughout life.However,it is still not entirely known whether hypercalciuria throughout life can compromise the quality of the mass.The peak bone mass is achieved by late adolescence,peaking at the end of the second decade of life.This accumulation should occur without interference in order to achieve the peak of optimal bone mass.The bone mass acquired during childhood and adolescence is a major determinant of adult bone health,and its accumulation should occur without interference.This raises the critical question of whether adult osteoporosis and the risk of fractures are initiated during childhood.Pediatricians should be aware of this pediatric problem and investigate their patients.They should have the knowledge and ability to diagnose and initially manage patients with IH,with or without UL.

关 键 词：CHILDREN Adolescents HYPERCALCIURIA Bone mineral density Kidney stone 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]