2018年和2019年北京市居民区病媒生物调查  

Investigation on main vectors in communities of Beijing City in 2018 and 2019

作　　者：阎婷 刘美德[1] 刘婷[1] 付学锋[1] 周小洁[1] 佟颖[1] YAN Ting;LIU Mei-de;LIU Ting;FU Xue-feng;ZHOU Xiao-jie;TONG Ying(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing Center for Prevention Research,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京市预防医学研究中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2021年第5期412-415,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(编号:首发2018-2-3015)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市居民区主要病媒生物种类及密度情况,为居民区病媒生物防控提供指导与科学依据。方法蚊虫采用CO2诱蚊灯法、人诱停落法和路径法,蝇采用笼诱法,鼠采用夹夜法,蟑螂采用粘捕法分别对北京居民区主要病媒生物开展监测。结果 2018年和2019年蚊密度分别为1.41和1.85只/(灯·h),停落指数分别为0.82、1.25只/(人·30 min),路径指数为0.31、0.32处/km,淡色库蚊为优势种,其次是白纹伊蚊,蚊密度高峰期为7月、8月;2018年和2019年蝇平均密度分别为6.98、5.60只/笼,麻蝇属为优势种,7月蝇密度均为最高峰值;鼠捕获率较低,优势鼠种为褐家鼠,其次是小家鼠;蟑螂监测只捕获到德国小蠊。结论蚊虫密度控制应成为北京市居民区病媒生物控制的重点,以减少刺叮骚扰危害,提高居民生活质量。Objective To investigate the species and densities of mosquitoes, flies, rodents and cockroaches in the communities of Beijing City, and provide scientific data for control work.Methods The density of mosquitoes was monitored with the carbon dioxide trap method, human baited method and path method.Cage trap method, night-clip method, and stick-trap method were respectively employed to investigate the density of flies, rodents and cockroaches.Results The average mosquito densities in the communities of Beijing City in 2018 and 2019 were respectively 1.41 and 1.85 insects per lamp in an hour, bite-indexes were respectively 0.82 and 1.25 insects per person in 30 minutes, and path indexes were 0.31 and 0.32 insects per km.Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species followed by Aedes albopictus.The highest densities of mosquito took place in July or August.The average fly densities of the community in Beijing City in 2018 and 2019 were respectively 6.98 and 5.60 insects per cage, with the peak in July.The dominant fly species was from Sarcophagidae.The rodent capture rate was very low, and Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species followed by Mus musculus.Blattella germanica was the only captured species of cockroaches.Conclusion The mosquitoes should be taken as the key of vector control in communities of Beijing City, reducing the harm of stings and harassment, and improving the life quality.

关 键 词：居民区 病媒生物 密度 监测 

分 类 号：R384[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R184.3[医药卫生—基础医学]