基于CFD的高速动车组车顶支柱绝缘子覆冰特性研究及防覆冰伞裙优化  

Study of Ice Simulation and Anti-icing Structure Optimization of High-speed Train Roof Insulators Based on CFD Method

作　　者：蒋兴良[1] 黄亚飞 胡建林[1] 张志劲[1] 胡琴[1] JIANG Xingliang;HUANG Yafei;HU Jianlin;ZHANG Zhijin;HU Qin(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《高电压技术》2021年第10期3548-3557,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1200403)。

摘　　要：高速动车组车顶支柱绝缘子在寒冷环境中高速运行,其表面容易产生覆冰现象,进而引发局部放电、闪络击穿等外绝缘事故,导致列车停运,造成巨大的经济损失。然而,现阶段对动车组车顶绝缘子覆冰特性的研究并不充分。该文采用基于计算流体动力学(CFD)的数值模拟方法,对FQJG2-30/16-400型硅橡胶车顶绝缘子在不同环境参数下的覆冰特性进行研究。结果表明:在高速运行条件下,覆冰主要形成在车顶绝缘子迎风侧的伞裙边沿和棒径处,覆冰厚度在迎风侧棒径中心处达到最大值。动车组车顶绝缘子表面的覆冰量随着温度(θ)、风速(v)、液态水含量(LWC)以及液滴中值体积直径(MVD)等环境参数的增大而增大。基于防覆冰结构优化研究结果,推荐的高速动车组车顶支柱绝缘子的防覆冰结构参数为:伞裙下倾角为0°;大小伞裙直径比为1;在满足机械强度的条件下伞裙上倾角、绝缘子棒直径尽量小;在保证一定爬电距离的情况下绝缘子伞裙间隔尽量小。In cold regions,ice accretion will seriously degrade the insulation performance of high-speed train roof insulators,causing partial discharge and flashover accidents and resulting in suspension of train,and enormous economic loss.However,the research focusing on this issue is rarely available in the literature.In this paper,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)based numerical simulation research is performed to investigate the ice accretion on FQJG2-30/16-400 silicone rubber composite roof insulators at different environmental conditions.The results show that,when the train runs at high speed,the ice mainly accretes on the roof insulators’shed edges and rods in windward side,and the largest ice thickness appears in the center of the windward side.The results also show that the ice mass on insulator increases with the augment of environmental parameters including temperature(θ),wind velocity(v),liquid water content(LWC),and droplets median volume diameter(MVD).Based on anti-icing structure optimization research,it is suggested that anti-icing configuration for high-speed train roof insulators are as follows:the recommended values for lower tilt angle and sheds ratio are 0°and 1,respectively;when the mechanical strength meets the requirements,the upper tilt angle and rod diameter should be smaller to the utmost;the sheds spacing should be smaller to the utmost when creepage distance meets the requirements.

关 键 词：车顶绝缘子 高速气流 计算流体动力学 覆冰模拟 结构优化 

分 类 号：U266[机械工程—车辆工程]