激光技术在金属中的强化机理研究分析  

Research and Analysis on Strengthening Mechanism of Laser Technology in Metals

作　　者：秦琴[1] 王竹 文然 于思雨 张晋宁 陈静 刘楠 QIN Qin;WANG Zhu;WEN Ran;YU Siyu;ZHANG Jinning;CHEN Jing;LIU Nan(College of Intelligent Manufacturing,Jincheng College of Sichuan University,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学锦城学院智能制造工程学院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2021年第20期17-21,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：四川省粉末冶金工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(SC-FMYJ2018-01,SC-FMYJ2018-07)。

摘　　要：综述了金属材料经激光强化技术处理后的综合性能得到提高的根本原因是相变硬化、细晶强化、固溶强化和弥散强化、畸变强化以及残余压应力的综合强化结果,并对各强化机理进行了深入分析。激光强化的金属材料发生了组织结构的转变、晶粒细化,其表面因熔覆粉末与合金元素的渗入而形成一层优良的固溶强化和弥散强化淬硬层,同时表面产生了有利的残余压应力,达到改变材料性能的目的。同时,还探讨了激光技术对金属强化的运用和意义,从理论机理上为该技术在工业中的应用推广和工艺优化提供参考和借鉴。The basic reasons for the improvement of the comprehensive properties of metal materials treated by laser strengthening technology were phase transformation hardening,fine grain strengthening,solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening,distortion strengthening and residual compressive stress strengthening.The strengthening mechanism was analyzed in detail.The microstructure of laser strengthened metal materials is changed and the grain size is refined.Due to the infiltration of coated powder and alloy elements,an excellent solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening hardened layer are formed on the surface,and favorable residual compressive stress is produced on the surface,which achieves the purpose of changing the properties of the material.At the same time,the application and significance of laser technology to metal strengthening are also discussed,which provides reference for the application and popularization of laser technology in industry and process optimization from the point of view of theoretical mechanism.

关 键 词：激光强化技术 相变强化 细晶强化 固溶强化 弥散强化 畸变强化 

分 类 号：TG156.99[金属学及工艺—热处理]