祁连山北坡云垂直分布特征  

Vertical Distribution of Clouds in Northern Qilian Mountains

作　　者：黄颖 张文煜[1,2,3] 冒立鑫 王开强 HUANG Ying;ZHANG Wenyu;MAO Lixin;WANG Kaiqiang(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081;School of Geoscience and Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Minle Meteorological Administration,Zhangye 7345000)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,兰州730000 [2]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室,北京100081 [3]郑州大学地球科学与技术学院,郑州450001 [4]甘肃省民乐县气象局,张掖734500

出　　处：《气象科技》2021年第5期794-798,共5页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41875085、41630421);西北区域人工影响天气能力建设项目研究试验项目(ZQC-R18208)资助。

摘　　要：利用敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤探空站2014—2019年的探空数据,对祁连山北坡云的发生频率及云垂直结构特征进行分析。结果表明:祁连山北坡全年云的发生频率为20%~40%,以1~3层云为主,且单层云的发生频率高于多层云,多层云以2层云为主;云的发生频率夏高冬低,夏季单层云和2层云出现的频率较为接近,而春、秋、冬季节单层云出现频率远高于2层云和3层云;全年平均云高度2层云的下层云厚度明显大于上层云,3层云的底层云与中层云之间晴空夹层厚度大于中层云与顶层云之间的晴空厚度;祁连山北坡云层高度季节变化显著,单层云和多层云的高度都表现为夏高冬低。Based on the radiosonde data of Dunhuang,Jiuquan,Zhangye and Minqin stations from 2014 to2019,the characteristics of cloud vertical structure in the northern Qilian Mountains are analyzed.The results show that the occurrence frequency of clouds in the northern Qilian Mountains is 20%to 40%in the whole year,and the occurrence frequency of single-layer clouds is higher than that of multi-layer clouds,which are mainly 2-layer clouds;the occurrence frequency of clouds is higher in summer and lower in winter,the frequencies of single-layer and 2-layer clouds in summer are close,and the occurrence frequency of single-layer clouds is much higher than those of 2-layer clouds and 3-layer clouds in spring,autumn and winter;the thickness of the lower layer clouds of 2-layer clouds is obviously greater than that of the upper layer clouds,and the thickness of the clear air interlayer between the bottom layer and the middle layer of the 3-layer clouds is greater than that between the middle layer and the top layer;cloud heights in the northern Qilian Mountains change significantly in different seasons,higher in summer and lower in winter.

关 键 词：祁连山北坡 云 频率 垂直结构 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]