世界伟晶岩型锂矿床地质研究进展  

Progress in geological study of pegmatite-type lithium deposits in the world

作　　者：陈衍景[1] 薛莅治 王孝磊[2] 赵中宝[3] 韩金生 周可法[5] CHEN Yanjing;XUE Lizhi;WANG Xiaolei;ZHAO Zhongbao;HAN Jinsheng;ZHOU Kefa(MOE Key Laboratory of Crustal and Orogenic Evolution,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Jiangsu 210023,China;Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Faculty of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China;Xinjiang Mineral Resources Research Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]南京大学地球科学学院,江苏南京210023 [3]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [4]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,湖北武汉430074 [5]中国科学院新疆矿产资源中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《地质学报》2021年第10期2971-2995,共25页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号41630313,U1803242,U1906207,42173068)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：稀有金属伟晶岩主要分为LCT(Li-Cs-Ta)型和NYF(Nb-Y-F)型,其中LCT型伟晶岩是全球重要锂矿来源。本文分析了全球伟晶岩型锂矿床的地质勘查和研究成果,简要介绍了各大陆代表性伟晶岩型锂矿床,发现锂矿空间分布不均匀,成矿时间具有多期性和阶段性,成矿事件主要发生在汇聚造山作用的晚期,伴随超大陆汇聚事件。LCT型伟晶岩富含挥发分,与后碰撞S型花岗岩密切相关,多产于中高级变质岩区,就位深度较大,多沿断裂构造贯入。The pegmatites containing rare metals are classified into LCT(Lithium-Cesium-Tantalum)and NYF(Niobium-Yttrium-Fluorine)types,with the LCT type being the world’s most important source of lithium.In this contribution we review the global progress in geological exploration and study of the pegmatite-type lithium deposits,and briefly introduce representative deposits from different continents.It is noted that the pegmatite-type lithium deposits are heterogeneous spatial distribution.Temporally,the mineralization shows multistage and episodic features.Most of the LCT-type pegmatites were formed during late-stage of the convergent orogenies,and possibly associated with the supercontinent assembly.The LCT pegmatites are generally enriched in volatile components,genetically related to post-collisional S-type granites,spatially hosted in metamorphic rocks,and deeply seated along fault structures.

关 键 词：锂矿床 LCT型伟晶岩 花岗岩 造山作用 超大陆 

分 类 号：P618.71[天文地球—矿床学]