新疆白龙山伟晶岩型锂矿床研究进展  

Research progress on Bailongshan pegmatite type lithium deposit,Xinjiang

作　　者：王核[1,2,3] 徐义刚 闫庆贺[1,2,3] 张晓宇 WANG He;XU Yigang;YAN Qinghe;ZHANG Xiaoyu(CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China;Chinese Academy of Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,矿物学与成矿学重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院深地科学卓越创新中心,广东广州510640

出　　处：《地质学报》2021年第10期3085-3098,共14页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(编号2019YFC0605201);新疆维吾尔自治区科技重大专项重点研发任务专项(编号2019B00011和2020A03005);国家自然科学基金项目(编号91962215);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察项目(编号2019QZKK0802)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：大红柳滩-白龙山一带是西昆仑-喀喇昆仑山花岗伟晶岩分布最为集中、稀有金属矿化最好的地区。项目组2017年通过多次野外勘查、系统取样与室内化验分析,确认在新疆和田县喀喇昆仑腹地白龙山新发现了一处超大型锂铷多金属矿床,该矿床为花岗伟晶岩型。同时在大红柳滩-白龙山发现了雪凤岭、雪盆、双牙、冰舟、白龙山南、大红柳滩东(496北沟)等多处花岗伟晶岩型锂多金属矿床。通过对白龙山锂多金属矿床研究,目前已确定含矿伟晶岩脉群带长度>8250 m,宽度46~165 m,在白龙山锂多金属矿区划分出5个含矿伟晶岩脉群带,共发现含矿伟晶岩脉166条,对其中52条主要矿体进行了研究,含矿伟晶岩脉长度50~1230 m,宽1.5~157 m不等,Li2O平均品位0.93%~3.44%,BeO平均品位0.54%~0.63%,Rb_(2)O平均品位0.11%~0.18%,Nb2O5平均品位0.011%~0.018%,Ta_(2)O_(5)平均品位0.003%~0.009%。新疆昆仑蓝钻矿业开发有限责任公司第一期勘探对部分区段进行勘查,目前勘探一期控制资源量Li_(2)O超过60万t,达到超大型规模。项目组预测白龙山矿床潜在资源量Li_(2)O为506万t,伴生BeO为16万t,Rb_(2)O为31万t,Nb_(2)O_(5)为4万t,Ta_(2)O_(5)为1.75万t,有望成为一个世界级规模的巨型锂多金属矿床。白龙山锂矿伟晶岩脉群,以二云母花岗岩为中心向北和向南存在对称的伟晶岩脉群分带现象,该矿床形成于碰撞造山环境,与典型的LCT和NYF型锂矿不尽相同,具有独自特点,提出白龙山锂矿为LRN(Li-Rb-Nb)型锂矿的新观点。The Dahongliutan-Bailongshan area has the most concentrated distribution of granitic pegmatite and the best mineralization of rare metals in the West Kunlun and Karakoram Mountains. In 2017, through multiple field surveys, systematic sampling and laboratory analysis, the project team confirmed that a super-large lithium rubidium polymetallic deposit was newly discovered in Bailongshan, Karakoram hinterland of Hotan County, Xinjiang Province, which is a granitic pegmatite-type deposit. At the same time, several granitic pegmatite type lithium polymetallic deposits, such as Xuefengling, Xuepen, Shuangya, Bingzhou, Bailongshannan and Dahongliutan East(496), have been discovered in Dahongliutan-Bailongshan. For the Bailongshan lithium polymetallic deposit, it has been determined that the ore-bearing pegmatite vein group belt has a length of >8250 m and a width of 46~165 m, and can be divided into 5 ore-bearing pegmatite vein group belts. A total of 166 ore-bearing pegmatite veins have been found, of which 52 have been studied. The length of ore-bearing pegmatite veins is 50~1230 m, the width is 1.5~157 m, the average grade of Li_(2)O is 0.93%~3.44%, BeO is 0.54%~0.63%, Rb_(2)O is 0.11%~0.18%, Nb2O5 is 0.011%~0.018%, Ta_(2)O_(5) is 0.003%~0.009%. The Xinjiang Kunlun Blue Diamond Mining Development Co., Ltd. has explored some sections in the first phase of exploration. At present, the controlled resource amount of Li_(2)O in the first phase of exploration exceeds 600000 tons, reaching a super-large scale. The project team predicts that the potential resources are 5.06 million tons of Li_(2)O, 160000 tons of associated BeO, 310000 tons of Rb_(2)O, 40000 tons of Nb_(2)O_(5) and 17500 tons of Ta_(2)O_(5), which is expected to become a giant lithium deposit on world scale. The pegmatite dike group of the Bailongshan Lithium deposit has the phenomenon of symmetrical zonation of pegmatite dike group with the center of two-mica granite in the north and south. The deposit was formed in the collision orogenic environment, which

关 键 词：西昆仑-喀喇昆仑 白龙山 伟晶岩 锂多金属矿床 

分 类 号：P618.71[天文地球—矿床学]