湘南地区钨锡多金属矿床矿石矿物组合、矿化蚀变特征及成矿流体组成  

Mineral assemblages,mineralized alteration and ore-forming fluidcomposition of the W-Sn polymetallic deposits of South Hunan

作　　者：李厚民[1] 李立兴[1] 余金杰[1] 马收先[1] 李小赛[1] 沈宏飞 LI Houmin;LI Lixing;YU Jinjie;MA Shouxian;LI Xiaosai;SHEN Hongfei(MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《地质学报》2021年第10期3127-3145,共19页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号2018YFC0603904)资助的成果。

摘　　要：采用岩矿鉴定、扫描电镜和电子探针等手段,对湘南地区多个钨锡多金属矿床的矿化蚀变进行了研究和总结。结果表明,湘南地区钨锡多金属矿化蚀变矿物组成复杂,但各矿区普遍存在锡石、黄铜矿、黑钨矿(或白钨矿)、闪锌矿、方铅矿等金属矿物,萤石和黄玉常见,云母化、钾长石化、绿泥石化、尖晶石化等热液蚀变普遍,表明成矿流体具有类似或相同的来源及组分;各矿田(或矿床)的成矿流体均富含B和F等挥发分及Fe和Mn,钨、锡和铜矿化密切共生,钨锡多金属矿石中可见Nb和Be矿化,表明Li、Be、Nb、Ta、W、Sn、Bi、Cu、Pb、Zn等矿化为类似成矿流体的产物;初步研究认为湘南地区的钨锡多金属矿化是同一岩浆房分异演化的成矿流体的产物,提出了成矿的概念模型。The characteristics of the mineralized alteration of the W-Sn polymetallic deposits in South Hunan have been studied and summarized by detailed thin-section observation and electron probe microanalysies.The results show that all of the W-Sn polymetallic deposits have complex but similar mineral assemblages in ores and altered rocks,with ore minerals including cassiterite,chalcopyrite,wolframite(or scheelite),sphalerite,galena and altered minerals including fluorite,topaz,mica,K-feldspar,chlorite and spinel.Thus,the ore-forming fluids required for the formation of W-dominated and Sn-dominated deposits likely have similar sources and compositions.The mineral assemblages suggest that the ore-forming fluids are rich in volatiles of B and F,and contain mineralization elements of W,Sn,Cu,Nb and Be.We thus consider that the ore-forming fluids responsible for the Li-Be-Nb-Ta-W-Sn-Bi mineralization of different ore deposits in South Hunan sourced from the same granitic magma chamber,and propose a conceptual model.

关 键 词：矿物组合 矿化蚀变 成矿流体 钨锡多金属矿床 湘南 

分 类 号：P618.2[天文地球—矿床学]