LiBH_(4)储氢热力学和动力学调控  

Thermodynamics and Kinetics Tuning of LiBH_(4) for Hydrogen Storage

作　　者：丁朝 杨维结 霍开富[1] Leon Shaw Zhao Ding;Weijie Yang;Kaifu Huo;Leon Shaw(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Department of Mechanical,Materials and Aerospace Engineering,Illinois Institute of Technology,Chicago 60616,U.S.A.;School of Energy,Power and Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室先进材料与纳米技术研究院武汉科技大学,武汉430081 [2]伊利诺伊理工大学机械、材料和航空航天学院,芝加哥60616 [3]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,保定071003

出　　处：《化学进展》2021年第9期1586-1597,共12页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：美国国家自然科学基金项目(No.CMMI-1261782)资助。

摘　　要：为应对能源短缺和气候变化的挑战,调整以化石能源为主的传统能源框架,形成以可再生能源为基础的新型能源结构是我国能源结构升级的必然之路。氢能以其能量密度高、热值大、资源丰富、无污染等优点备受关注。LiBH_(4)作为最有希望的车载固体储氢能源载体之一已有多年研究,但该材料当前仍无法满足工业应用需求。本文围绕LiBH_(4)放/充氢反应稳定的热力学与缓慢的动力学的调控,讨论了当前各种主流工艺及其最新研究成果,包括机械球磨激活、纳米限域、催化剂掺杂改性、离子替代、反应物失稳和高能球磨结合气溶胶喷涂(BMAS)新工艺,旨在为其推广应用提供参考和解决方案。值得注意的是,BMAS有能力帮助LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2)复合物等热力学有利体系克服其动力学障碍,并在较低温度下提供促进释放氢气的热力学驱动力。To meet the challenge of energy shortage and climate change,it is required to build the new renewable energy based structure and gradually abandon the conventional fossil fuel based energy structure.Hydrogen energy has attracted more and more attention,due to its high energy density,large calorific value,abundant resource and zero pollution.LiBH_(4),which has been acknowledged as one of the most promising hydrogen storage alternatives for onboard energy carrier applications,is still not qualified for the industrialization,though it has been studied for years.Herein,a state⁃of⁃the⁃art review on the modification of stable thermodynamics and sluggish kinetics of hydrogen storage in LiBH_(4),aiming to providing reference and solutions for its promotion and application.Multiple main⁃stream techniques along with their latest efforts have been discussed,including mechanical milling activation,nanoscaffold confinement,catalyst modification,ions substitution,reactant destabilization and a novel process termed as high⁃energy ball milling with in⁃situ aerosol spraying(BMAS).Remarkable,BMAS is the technology of proven ability to overcome the kinetic barriers for thermodynamically favorable systems like LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2) mixture and provide thermodynamic driving force to enhance hydrogen release at a lower temperature.

关 键 词：储氢材料 LiBH_(4) 纳米工程 热力学优化 动力学改善 高能球磨结合气溶胶喷涂 

分 类 号：O611.61[理学—无机化学] O614.11[理学—化学]