碳基材料修饰聚烯烃隔膜提高锂硫电池性能研究  

Carbon⁃Based Materials for Modification of Polyolefin Separators to Improve the Performance of Lithium⁃Sulfur Batteries

作　　者：刘新叶 梁智超 王山星 邓远富[1] 陈国华[2] Xinye Liu;Zhichao Liang;Shanxing Wang;Yuanfu Deng;Guohua Chen(The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell for Guangdong Province,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Hom Kowloon,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学化学化工学院广东省燃料电池技术重点实验室,广州510641 [2]香港理工大学机械工程系,香港九龙

出　　处：《化学进展》2021年第9期1665-1678,共14页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金⁃香港RGC项目(No.21661162002 and N_HKUST601/16);广东省重点研究计划项目(No.2019B090908001)资助。

摘　　要：采用硫单质作正极和金属锂为负极组成的锂硫(Li⁃S)电池具有很高的理论比能量(2600 Wh·kg^(-1)),被认为是一种具有广泛应用前景的二次电池。其中,正极硫具有高的理论比容量(1675 mAh·g^(-1)),储量丰富且环境友好。然而,硫较差的导电性、多硫化物的穿梭效应和锂枝晶生长等导致了Li⁃S电池在循环过程中容量衰减快、库仑效率低和安全隐患等问题,严重阻碍了其大规模应用。通过隔膜修饰提高Li⁃S电池的性能是一种有效的方法,近年来取得了很大进展。碳材料是较常见的一种隔膜修饰材料,本文综述了近年来常见碳材料及碳基复合材料用于修饰Li⁃S电池隔膜进而改善电池性能方面的研究进展,重点介绍了修饰层的设计及提升Li⁃S电池容量的机理。Owing to their great theoretical energy density(2600 Wh·kg^(-1)),lithium⁃sulfur(Li⁃S)batteries are one of the most promising candidates of the next generation energy storage devices.Moreover,the high theoretical specific capacity(1675 mAh·g^(-1)),good eco⁃friendliness,abundant natural resource and low cost of cathode sulfur are also good for the cheap cost and low environmental pollution of Li⁃S batteries.However,the practical applications of Li⁃S batteries are severely impeded by several key challenges,such as the low practical specific capacities,low coulomb efficiencies and fast capacity decay,which resulting from the poor electronic conductivity of sulfur and final products Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S,the shuttle effects of lithium polysulfides and the growth of lithium dendrite during the electrochemical cycling.It is noted that the modification of the polyolefin separators is one of the effective methods to obviously improve the performances of Li⁃S batteries.In particular,various carbons and their composites are widely used materials for separator modification because of their unique properties,also,many advancements have been achieved.Herein,the research progresses of the various carbons and their composites for separator modification are reviewed,which will provide guidance for the future research on improving the performance of Li⁃S batteries by separator modification method.

关 键 词：Li⁃S 电池 隔膜修饰 电化学性能改善 穿梭效应 催化 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]