明清珠江口水埠管理制度的演变--以禾虫埠为中心  

The Evolution of the Management System of“Water Port”(Shuibu)at the Pearl River Estuary during the Ming-Qing Period

作　　者：杨培娜 罗天奕 Yang Peina;Luo Tianyi

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系、历史人类学研究中心 [2]上海交通大学媒体与传播学院

出　　处：《海洋史研究》2021年第2期249-265,共17页Studies of Maritime History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“清代海洋渔政与海疆社会治理研究”(批准号20BZS061);广州市哲学社会科学发展“十三五”规划2020年度广州大典专项课题(课题编号:2020GZDD06)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：引言对我国历史上河湖海洋等水域资源管理的研究,是近年学术热点之一,针对不同水域利用的民间惯例及官方制度,涌现了一系列的研究成果。①珠江三角洲的形成与发育是自然规律与人工行为共同作用的结果。一方面,西江、北江和东江及其支流所携带的泥沙,以曾是浅海中的基岩岛屿为核心逐渐淤积、扩展、连接成陆,最终成为河网密布的珠江三角洲。Relying on the“sands”(shatian)at the Pearl River Estuary which grew quickly during the Ming-Qing period,various aquatic animals flourished and showed great economic value.The coastal waters that nourish these animals were called“water port”(shuibu),and there are constant disputes over their control and fishing rights.Since the mid-Ming period,a“port-owner”(buzhu)system has been formed in the interaction between officials and the people.The government admitted various rights of the“port-owner”as they pay the quota of fishing tax without taxpayer.The“port-owner”was banned in the late Kangxi period,and the registration of“Dan”(people who lived by fishing,on boats,or under awning set up by the water)was strengthened.In this context,the imperial court ordered that the right to benefit from the water port should be attributed to the Dan,but the local government adopted different governance measures according to classification of these water ports in practice.

关 键 词：“Water Port”(Shuibu) Pearl River Estury Ming and Qing Dynasties 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]