官商·产权·利益:清末汉阳铁厂焦煤供应商选择背后的矛盾与冲突  

Official Business,Property Rights,Interests:Contradictions and Conflicts behind the Selection of Coking Coal Suppliers for Hanyang Iron Works in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：郑畋 张芳霖[2] Zheng Tian;Zhang Fanglin

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学经管学院 [2]南昌大学人文学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2021年第1期131-146,270,共17页Journal of Modern Chinese History

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“近代长江中游地区(湘鄂赣)商会档案资料整理与研究”(项目号:17ZDA199)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉阳铁厂由湖广总督张之洞创办后,焦煤供应不足一直是制约其生存发展的一大难题。萍乡煤厂因煤质颇佳、离汉阳位置相对较近而成为当时最优选择。盛宣怀接办汉阳铁厂后,为获取成本更为低廉、质量相对更优的焦煤,选择了当地巨绅文廷式家族入股的广泰福商号。然而,广泰福商号由独家商办汉阳铁厂焦煤到最终失败仅短短一年。其失败源于内部产权之争导致权责不明,也因其发展受制于当地士绅、商绅、窿户、厂户、乡民等利益的冲突。广泰福商号是中国近代个体工商业为实现规模效益而采取联合经营的典型个案。士绅、商绅的利益之争使得联合经营获取规模效益的设想难以实现,本文试图以这一个案来探讨中国近代工商企业扩大经营、寻思变革而遭受阻碍的深层次原因。After Huguang governor Zhang Zhidong founded Hanyang Iron Works,the shortage of coking coal supply has been a major problem restricting its survival and development.Pingxiang was the best choice because of its good coal quality and its relative proximity to hanyang.Sheng Xuanhuai took over the Hanyang Iron Works,and in order to obtain cheaper cost and better quality coking coal,he chose Guangtaifu Firm in which the family of local giant gentry,Wen Tingshi,became a shareholder.However,it was only one year that Guangtaifu Co.,Ltd.Went from the sole commercial operation of Hanyang Iron Works coking coal to its final failure.From its internal property rights dispute,rights and responsibilities unclear;It’s subjected to local gentry,business gentry,farmers,factories,villagers and other interests of the conflict.Guangtaifu Firm is a typical case of China’s modern individual industry and commerce in order to achieve economies of scale and joint management.The conflict of interests between the gentry and the gentry makes it difficult to realize the idea of achieving scale efficiency through joint operation.

关 键 词：汉阳铁厂 广泰福商号 萍乡煤矿 汉冶萍公司 

分 类 号：F426.21[经济管理—产业经济] K252[历史地理—历史学]