“有趣”与“真实”之间——英国航海家巴塞尔·霍尔笔下的琉球  

Between "Interesting" and "Real" ——Ryukyu Written by British Voyager Basil Hall

作　　者：刘啸虎 Liu Xiaohu

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学碧泉书院·哲学与历史文化学院

出　　处：《海洋史研究》2021年第1期126-140,共15页Studies of Maritime History

摘　　要：一巴塞尔·霍尔到访琉球19世纪英国著名航海家巴塞尔·霍尔(Basil Hall,1788-1844),出身苏格兰贵族,1802年加入英国皇家海军,曾多次参加航海远征、科学考察及外交活动。①1816年,他作为英国海军轻型军舰"里拉号"(Lyra)的舰长,指挥该舰与另一艘军舰"阿尔切斯特"号[Alceste,舰长为默里·马克斯韦尔(Murray Maxwell,1775-1831)]组成舰队,护送英国阿美士德(William Pitt Amherst)使团访华。舰队经中国东南沿海的香港、澳门、广州等地,一路抵达天津白河口。1816年8月9日,英国使节阿美士德等人登岸,北上觐见清朝嘉庆皇帝,并指示舰队返回广州。但巴塞尔·霍尔的舰队(以下简称"霍尔舰队")却并未直接南返,而是沿中国北方沿海展开勘察测绘。In 1816,British voyager Basil Hall had visited Ryukyu(Loo-Choo)with his squad and published a book after his return,which was of great significance.The records of Hall squad’s visiting in Ryukyu historical books were suspected to have been deleted and modified by the Japanese for political purposes.On the way home,Hall visited St.Helena on the Atlantic and told Napoleon in exile about Ryukyu,which was an important manifestation of the exchange and interaction of regional histories in the early 19 th century from a global perspective.However,what Hall told us about Ryukyu was not a real Ryukyu,but a Ryukyu that showed"interesting instead of real as a symbol and served as"the other"for the West.In fact,the Westerners represented by Hall set up a role for Ryukyu at that time to play the fun in the"ignorance"to contrast the"confusion in the"civilization"of the West.Behind the image of Ryukyu,the Western perception of the east at that time was actually hidden.

关 键 词：Ryukyu Basil Hall NAPOLEON China the West 

分 类 号：K14[历史地理—历史学]