多孔Ni-Al系金属间化合物制备技术研究进展  

Progress in preparation technology of porous Ni-Al intermetallics

作　　者：王建忠[1] 王昊 杨坤[1] 黄愿平[1] WANG Jianzhong;WANG Hao;YANG Kun;HUANG Yuanping(State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials,Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research,Xi’an 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北有色金属研究院金属多孔材料国家重点实验室,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《粉末冶金工业》2021年第5期1-10,共10页Powder Metallurgy Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52020105011);陕西省青年科技新星项目(2021KJXX-75)。

摘　　要：Ni-Al系金属间化合物具有低密度、良好的导热性、优良的高温力学性能以及抗高温氧化性能等特性引起了研究人员的广泛关注,期待作为高温结构材料替代传统不锈钢和镍基高温合金。多孔Ni-Al金属间化合物由于具有孔隙结构,赋予了传统Ni-Al系化合物更多的功能特性以及轻量化特点,利用其孔隙特性可用做高温氧化环境以及酸碱腐蚀条件下的过滤材料或催化剂材料。基于原料形式与制备工艺的差异,本文将多孔Ni-Al系金属间化合物的制备方法分为3大类:粉末冶金法(反应合成法、燃烧合成法)、化学脱合金法和定向凝固法,分析了各制备技术的特点及其孔隙构筑方式,展望了未来的发展趋势,期望将多种制备技术相结合拓展其应用领域并满足工程化需求。Ni-Al intermetallics have received widespread attention owing to its low density,good thermal conductivity,excellent high temperature mechanical properties and high temperature oxidation resistance and so on.So,it is expected that Ni-Al intermetallics can be used as high temperature structural material to replace traditional stainless steel and nickel-base superalloy.Porous Ni-Al intermetallics traditional dense Ni-Al intermetallics with the characteristics of functionality and lightweight.Therefore,porous Ni-Al intermetallics can be used as the filter materials or catalyst in high temperature oxidation environment and acid-base corrosive condition.Based on the raw materials and preparation processes,the prepration technology of porous Ni-Al intermetallics can be divided into three classes:powder metallurgy method(including reaction and combustion synthesis methods),chemical dealloying method and directional solidification method.In addition,the characteristics and pore construction methods of various technologies are analyzed,and the future development trend is also expected.It is hoped that the combination of various preparation technologies to expand their application fields and solve engineering need.

关 键 词：金属多孔材料 NI-AL合金 金属间化合物 制备技术 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]