金属材料表面自纳米化技术研究进展  

Research on surface self-nanocrystallization of metal material

作　　者：肖旭东 李勇 乔丹 赵鹏康 李鹏阳[1] 李言[1] XIAO Xu-dong;LI Yong;QIAO Dan;ZHAO Peng-kang;LI Peng-yang;LI Yan(School of Mechanical and Instrument Engineering,Xi'an Universityof Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2021年第10期9-18,共10页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51805432);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2018M633541)。

摘　　要：金属材料表层的组织结构决定了其使用性能和寿命。通过不同的方式将应变能引入金属表面,使材料表层组织纳米化,晶粒尺寸呈现自表面至基体层逐渐增大的梯度分布,并获得优异的强度-塑性匹配,从而提高材料的疲劳强度和耐腐蚀性能等。对表面自纳米化技术进行分类,分别介绍了各类表面自纳米化机理,表面自纳米化的特征,并简要列举影响表面自纳米化的因素,重点对表面机械处理纳米化中的表面机械研磨法、机械碾磨法、超声冲击法、超音速微粒轰击法、激光冲击强化法和高能喷丸等技术进行了对比分析,总结了表面自纳米化技术的发展趋势。The service performance and life of metal materials are determined by its surface structure.By introducing the strain energy into the metal surface in different ways,the surface structure of the material is nanocrystalized,and the grain size presents a gradually increasing gradient distribution from the surface to the matrix layer,and the excellent strength-plastic matching is obtained,so as to improve the fatigue strength and corrosion resistance of the material.The surface self-nanocrystallization technologies were categorized,the various surface self-nanocrystallization mechanisms,as well as the characteristics of surface self-nanocrystallization were introduced and the factors that affect surface self-nanocrystallization were briefly listed.Focusing on surface mechanical treatments,the comparison and analysis of technologies such as mechanical grinding method,mechanical milling method,ultrasonic impact method,supersonic particle bombardment method,laser impact strengthening method and high-energy shot peening were carried out,and the development trend of surface selfnanocrystallization technology was summarized.

关 键 词：自纳米化 微观组织 梯度分布 金属材料 表面技术 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]