破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test

作　　者：马乐 张明 郗春梅 MA Le;ZHANG Ming;XI Chunmei(People's Hospital of Tongchuan,Tongchuan 727100,China)

机构地区：[1]铜川市人民医院,陕西铜川727100

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2021年第32期21-23,共3页Clinical Research and Practice

基　　金：铜川市人民医院院级科研项目(No.B201904)。

摘　　要：目的分析破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率的影响因素,以为临床提高破伤风的防治水平提供参考。方法选取2019年1月至12月我院收治的需行破伤风抗毒素皮试的180例外伤患者为研究对象,根据皮试前饮酒情况将其分为A组(24 h内未饮酒)、B组(0~12 h内饮酒)、C组(13~24 h内饮酒)。收集患者的临床资料,并行破伤风抗毒素皮试。比较三组患者的破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率。采用单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性的影响因素。结果A组患者的破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率低于B组、C组(P<0.05);C组患者的破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率低于B组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,阳性患者与阴性患者的性别、年龄、合并症发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);阳性患者与阴性患者的伤口深度、饮酒情况、自身状况比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,伤口深度、饮酒情况、自身状况是破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论伤口深度、饮酒情况、自身状况是破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性率的影响因素,因此,在对患者进行破伤风抗毒素皮试时需从上述几个方面进行干预,以减少假阳性现象的产生,提高皮试的准确性。Objective To analyze the influencing factors of positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test,so as to provide reference for improving the level of clinical prevention and treatment of tetanus.Methods A total of 180 traumatic patients who needed tetanus antitoxin skin test in our hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the research objects.According to the drinking situation before skin test,the patients were divided into group A(no drinking within 24 h),group B(drinking within 0-12 h)and group C(drinking within 13-24 h).The clinical data of patients were collected and tetanus antitoxin skin test were performed.The positive rates of tetanus antitoxin skin test in the three groups were compared.The influencing factors of positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate regression analysis.Results The positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test in the group A was lower than that in the group B and the group C(P<0.05);the positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test in the group C was lower than that in the group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences in gender,age and occurrence of complications between positive and negative patients(P>0.05);there were significant differences in wound depth,drinking situation and self-condition between positive and negative patients(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that wound depth,drinking situation and self-condition were influencing factors of positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test(P<0.01).Conclusion Wound depth,drinking situation and self-condition are influencing factors of positive rate of tetanus antitoxin skin test.Therefore,it is necessary to interven from the above aspects when conducting tetanus antitoxin skin test on patients,so as to reduce the occurrence of false positive phenomenon and improve the accuracy of skin test.

关 键 词：破伤风抗毒素 皮试 阳性率 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]