冀西北坝上地区小西瓜雨养旱作效应比较研究  

Comparative Study on Effects of Rain-fed and Dry Farming on Small Watermelons in Bashang Region in Northwest of Hebei Province

作　　者：王登燕 范悦 刘萌 孙国庆 黄伟[1] 张俊花[1] WANG Deng-yan;FAN Yue;LIU Meng;SUN Guo-qing;HUANG Wei;ZHANG Jun-hua(College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院农林科技学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（自然科学版）》2021年第9期4-8,共5页Journal of Hebei North University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河北省专业学位研究生教学案例建设项目(KCJSZ2020101);国家大宗蔬菜现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-23-G-08);河北省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜产业创新团队建设(HBCT2018030212)。

摘　　要：目的以不同小西瓜品种为试材,对其在雨养旱作条件下的光合特性、产量、品质和水分利用效率进行比较研究,以筛选出对干旱适应性强的品种。方法采用田间小区试验的方法,对引进的小西瓜品种采用沟垄覆膜集雨栽培,比较不同品种在雨养旱作下的比叶重、光合特性、水分利用效率、产量和品质。结果5个品种中京秀在每个时期的比叶重最高,叶绿素含量和净光合速率与明玉、黑宝无显著差异,但高于另外两个品种;京秀的荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo显著高于其他品种;干旱对果实含糖量的影响不明显;京秀的水分利用效率较明玉、黑宝分别提高了5.53%和6.66%,产量较二者分别提高了23.41%和22.39%,三者均优于其他品种。结论京秀的干旱适应性最强,在生产上值得推广。Objective The varieties of small watermelon were used as experimental material.The photosynthetic characteristics,yield,quality and water use efficiency of small watermelon were comparatively studied under rain-fed and dry farming to screen out the varieties adaptable to drought.Methods The SLW,photosynthetic characteristic,water use efficiency,yield and quality of small watermelon varieties were compared by field experiments under rain-fed and dry farming.Results Jingxiu was superior to others in SLW in different stages;the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll contents were of no difference among Jingxiu,Mingyu and Heibao.The fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo of Jingxiu was obviously higher than those of others.The effect of drought on fruit sugar content was not obvious.Compared with Mingyu and Heibao,water use efficiency of Jingxiu increased by 5.53%and 6.66%,respectively;yield increased by 23.41%and 22.39%,respectively,too.Jingxiu,Mingyu and Heibao were superior to others.Conclusion Jingxiu showed strong drought adaptability,and it was worth popularizing in production.

关 键 词：小西瓜 雨养 旱作 光合特性 产量 品质 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]