基于COPERT模型北京市机动车大气污染物和二氧化碳排放研究  

Investigation on air pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions from motor vehicles in Beijing based on COPERT model

作　　者：沈岩 武彤冉 闫静[1] 李韧菲 崔阳阳 刘欣宇 樊守彬[1] 翟冀飞 曹西子 万芸菲 薛亦峰[1] SHEN Yan;WU Tongran;YAN Jing;LI Renfei;CUI Yangyang;LIU Xinyu;FAN Shoubin;ZHAI Jifei;CAO Xizi;WAN Yunfei;XUE Yifeng(National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection;College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University;Tongzhou Distinct Ecology and Environment Bureau of Beijing)

机构地区：[1]国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京市生态环境保护科学研究院 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院 [3]北京市通州区生态环境局

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2021年第6期1075-1082,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：北京市生态环境局项目(H2020-043)。

摘　　要：机动车大气污染物及CO_(2)减排对于改善空气质量和缓解气候变化具有重要的作用。综合利用北京市机动车保有量、道路行驶工况、气象、燃料组分及燃料消耗量等数据,应用COPERT模型计算得到北京市机动车主要大气污染物和CO_(2)排放量,并识别其污染排放特征和不同车型、排放标准等级车辆的排放贡献,采用ADMS-Urban模型模拟了机动车污染排放对周边环境的影响。结果表明:2019年北京市机动车4项主要大气污染物CO、NO_(x)、PM_(2.5)和VOCs排放量分别为12.15万、4.06万、0.18万和2.57万t。车辆结构得到优化,国四及以上排放标准车辆占比达86.97%,数量占4%的柴油客货车排放贡献大,分别占机动车NO_(x)和PM_(2.5)排放总量的84%和60%;非末端排放占机动车VOCs排放量的20%,需要引起关注。机动车尾气排放对5个交通监测站点贡献的NO_(2)平均浓度为15.7μg/m^(3),其对环境质量影响较大;机动车CO_(2)排放量为1683万t,其中柴油车排放贡献约21%。对北京市机动车大气污染物和碳排放需要进一步协同控制。Air pollutants and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions reduction from motor vehicles play an important role in improving air quality and mitigating climate change.The data of vehicle population,road-driving conditions,meteorological,fuel composition and fuel consumption were comprehensively used to calculate the main air pollutants and CO_(2) emissions of motor vehicles in Beijing based on COPERT Model.The emission characteristics,emission contribution of the vehicles of different types,and emission standard levels were identified.Urban-ADMS model was used to simulate and quantify the effect on surrounding environment by motor vehicles.The results showed that:the emissions of CO,NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and VOCs from motor vehicles of Beijing was 121500,40600,1800 and 25700 tons,respectively,in 2019.The structure of vehicles had been optimized.Vehicles with National IV and above standards accounted for 86.97%.Diesel passenger and freight vehicles accounting for 4%contributed greatly to the emissions,accounting for 84%and 60%of the total emissions of NOx and PM_(2.5),respectively.Evaporative emissions from gasoline vehicles accounted for 20%of VOCs emissions from motor vehicles,which required attention.Vehicle exhaust emissions contributed 15.7μg/m^(3) to the average NO_(2) concentration at five traffic monitoring stations which had a great impact on air quality.CO_(2) emissions of motor vehicles were 16.83 million tons,of which diesel vehicle emissions contributed about 21%.Air pollutants and carbon emissions of motor vehicles need further coordinated control.

关 键 词：COPERT模型 北京市 机动车 大气污染 二氧化碳 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]