海水和表面活性剂对旋转超空泡蒸发器水动力学特性影响的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Study on the Effects of Seawater and Surfactant on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Rotational Supercavitating Evaporator

作　　者：曾卿丰 黄勇浩 何志博 刘洋 郑智颖[1] 赵孟石 姚立明[2] 李凤臣 Zeng Qingfeng;Huang Yonghao;He Zhibo;Liu Yang;Zheng Zhiying;Yao Liming;Zhao Mengshi;Li Fengchen(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001;Institute of Advanced Technology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin Heilongjiang 150020;School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150020 [3]天津大学机械工程学院,天津300350

出　　处：《东北电力大学学报》2021年第6期71-81,共11页Journal of Northeast Electric Power University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51806051,51276046)。

摘　　要：为了探究实际条件下海水环境和表面活性剂对旋转超空泡蒸发器(RSCE)水动力学特性和海水淡化性能的影响,通过对实验测量得到的添加表面活性剂CTAC/NaSal的海水的剪切粘度采用Carreau粘度模型进行拟合,并考虑表面张力的影响,对纯水、海水和添加表面活性剂的海水中RSCE在不同转速下的自然空化流动进行了三维定常数值模拟,结果表明相同转速下海水中RSCE形成的空泡尺寸大于纯水中形成的空泡,空化器阻力矩和蒸汽产生量也随之增大,随着转速的升高,海水与纯水工况之间的空泡尺寸、空化器阻力矩和蒸汽产生量的差距均呈减小的趋势.表面活性剂的引入可以略微增大空泡尺寸和蒸汽产生量,同时减小空化器阻力矩的粘性分量,表面活性剂对超空泡状态下RSCE的水动力学特性和海水淡化性能的影响很小.In order to explore the influences of seawater environment under real condition and surfactant on the hydrodynamic characteristics and desalination performance of the rotational supercavitating evaporator(RSCE),three-dimensional steady numerical simulations are conducted on the natural cavitating flows around RSCE in pure water,seawater and surfactant-added seawater at different rotational speeds.In the simulations,the experimentally measured shear viscosity of seawater with the addition of surfactant CTAC/NaSal is fitted by Carreau viscosity model,and surface tension is also taken in consideration.The results show that at the same rotational speed the size of the cavity formed by RSCE in the seawater is larger than that in the pure water,and consequently the resistance torque of the cavitator and the amount of the steam generated inside the cavity increase.With increasing rotational speed,the differences in the cavity size,resistance torque and steam generation amount between the seawater and pure water cases all show a decreasing trend.The introduction of surfactant can slightly increase the cavity size of and the steam generation amount,while reducing the viscous component of the resistance torque of the cavitator.The influence of surfactant on the hydrodynamic characteristics and desalination performance of RSCE in the supercavitation state is little.

关 键 词：旋转超空泡蒸发器 水动力学特性 自然空化 表面活性剂 海水淡化 

分 类 号：TM611[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]