相同g值强度时不同振幅与频率模式对下肢神经肌肉表现的影响  

Effects of Different Amplitude and Frequency Vibration Modes on the Performance of Lower Limb Neuromuscular with the Same g Value

作　　者：张帆[1,2,3] 王竹影[2] 蒋琴华 林榕[5] 吴志建[2] 宋彦李青 ZHANG Fan;WANG Zhuying;JIANG Qinhua;LIN Rong;WU Zhijian;SONG Yanliqing(Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210023,China;Nanjing Normal University,Nan jing 210023,China;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill 27514,USA;Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology,Nanjing 210046,China;Air Force General Hospital,Bei‐jing 100142,China.)

机构地区：[1]南京森林警察学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京师范大学,江苏南京210023 [3]北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校,美国教堂山27514 [4]南京信息职业技术学院,江苏南京210046 [5]空军特色医学中心,北京100142

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2021年第11期59-66,73,共9页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LGZD202002);南京森林警察学院预研项目(LGY201603);中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2019T120441);江苏高校青蓝工程优秀教学团队资助项目;江苏高校中青年教师境外研修资助项目。

摘　　要：目的:探讨相同g值条件下不同振动频率与振幅组合模式,对下肢神经肌肉表现的急性与长期效益。方法:28名受试者,年龄20.3±2.1岁,身高168.2±3.7 cm,体质量63.5±4.1 kg。自变量为高频率低振幅(HF+LA,32Hz/1mm)、中频率中振幅(MF+MA,18Hz/3mm)、低频率高振幅(LF+HA,3 Hz/114 mm)与控制组(CON)4种训练模式,因变量包括下蹲跳高度(CMJ)、峰值力矩(PT)、T反射、H反射及M波、触觉敏感度、肌力控制等。急性影响(acute effects,AE)实验部分,受试者分别实施4种训练,并在训练前后分别进行因变量测试;长期影响(chronic effects,CE)实验时,受试者随机分配至上述4组,实施为期8周、每周3次的振动训练,并在训练前后进行因变量测试。结果:AE部分,各组的PT、T/M_(max)、H_(max)/M_(max)及肌力控制在组内与组间比较皆无显著差异,而MF+MA组的CMJ高度达显著进步,LF+HA组的外踝触觉有显著进步,CON组在外踝及腓肠肌肌腹的触觉有显著进步。CE部分,各组CMJ高度皆有显著进步;HF+LA组的股四头肌力量输出显著进步,T/M_(max)与H_(max)/M_(max)显著下降,除了中足触觉其他部位皆有显著进步;LF+HA组的T/M_(max)显著上升且大于其他组别;CON组的下肢力量输出显著进步;MF+MA组的H_(max)/M_(max)显著上升;而CON组除了外踝触觉其他皆有显著进步。结论:经过HF+LA与MF+MA振动刺激后,可降低α运动神经元终池的兴奋性,增加力量输出表现,且对小腿的触觉敏感度有显著进步,而LF+HA对肌梭刺激较大,可增加γ反射弧的兴奋性。Ojective:To explore the acute and long-term benefits of different combination modes of vibration frequency and amplitude for lower limb neuromuscular manifestations under the same g value.Methods:28 healthy male college students were enrolled in the study,with an age of 20.3±2.1 years,height 168.2±3.7 cm and weight 63.5±4.1 kg.The independent variables were high frequency low amplitude(HF+LA;32 Hz/1 mm),medium frequency amplitude(MF+MA;18 Hz/3 mm),low frequency high amplitude(LF+HA;3 Hz/114 mm),and no vi‐bration intervention control group(CON)training mode.The dependent variables include the counter movement jump height(CMJ),peak torque value(PT),T-reflection,H-reflection,M waves,tactile sensitivity and muscle force control,etc.On the acute effects(AE)experiment,subjects performed 4 kinds of training separately,and the dependent variables were tested be‐fore and after training.On the chronic effects(CE)experiment,subjects which were randomly assigned to 4 groups trained for 8 weeks and 3 times a week for vibration,and dependent vari‐ables were tested before and after training.Results:In AE,there were no significant differences in PT,T/M_(max),H_(max)/M_(max)and muscle control among the groups.CMJ height of MF+MA group was significantly improved and tactile sensation of lateral malleolus in LF+HA group was sig‐nificantly improved,and tactile sensation of extramalleolus and gastrocnemius muscle belly in CON group was significantly improved.In CE,the height of CMJ in each group improved sig‐nificantly;in HF+LA group,the strength output of quadriceps femoris improved significantly,T/M_(max)and H_(max)/M_(max)decreased significantly,besides tactile sensation in midfoot,T/M_(max)in LF+HA group increased significantly and was larger than that other groups.The lower limb strength output of CON group improved significantly,H_(max)/M_(max)of MF+MA group increased significantly,while that of the CON group improved significantly except for extramalleolus tac‐tile sensation.Conclusion:After HF+LA and MF+MA vibr

关 键 词：G值 振动刺激 下蹲跳 神经肌肉适应 触觉敏感度 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]