从农业资源配置看全面抗战时期的陕西植棉业  

The Cotton Producing Industry in Shaanxi Province During the Anti-Japanese War From the Perspective of the Allocation of Agricultural Resources

作　　者：石涛[1] SHI Tao(School of History and Civilization,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期93-103,共11页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“抗战时期陕西棉业研究”(20FZSB054)。

摘　　要：全面抗战时期,受诸多不利因素影响,陕西棉田总面积和棉花总产量较战前大幅减少。与此同时,由于主要产棉省区沦陷,陕西成为大后方最重要的产棉区,承担着为后方军民和纱厂提供棉花的重任。国民政府对陕西植棉业颇为重视,通过推广优良棉种、增加棉花生产贷款、实行棉种管理区制度等措施优化农业资源配置,从而使战时陕西棉花单位面积产量增加,品质提高,棉产规模在大后方居于领先地位,为后方棉花供给发挥了关键作用。衰退与发展并存是这时陕西棉业的显著特点。During the Anti-Japanese War,the total area of cotton fields and the yield of cotton in Shaanxi Province decreased significantly from the pre-war level,due to a variety of unfavorable factors.However,Shaanxi became the most important cotton producing area in the rear area,undertaking the crucial task of providing cotton for the military and civilians in the rear area,because many other cotton producing provinces had been occupied by Japan.The National Government cared much about the cotton producing industry in Shaanxi Province.It allocated indispensible agricultural resources to the cotton producing industry in Shaanxi through measures such as providing high-quality cotton seeds,giving out loans,and implementing the administrative system for cotton seeds.During the war,the cotton producing industry in Shaanxi Province fared pretty well.The average yield per mu(亩)and the quality of cotton both improved.Shaanxi was leading in cotton production in the rear area,and played a key role in supplying cotton for the war effort.The coexistence of decline and development was a salient feature of the cotton producing industry in Shaanxi during the wartime.The main reason why the cotton producing industry in Shaanxi developed greatly during the time period was the optimal allocation of relevant natural and social-economic resources.

关 键 词：全面抗战 陕西植棉业 农业资源配置 陕西省农业改进所 

分 类 号：K871.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] F762.2[历史地理—历史学]