面向操作系统版本构建的软件包依赖关系分析  

Package dependency analysis for operating system distribution building

作　　者：马俊[1] 周凯[1] 任怡[1] 朱浩[1] 秦莹[1] 王静 MA Jun;ZHOU Kai;REN Yi;ZHU Hao;QIN Ying;WANG Jing(College of Computer Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学计算机学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《计算机工程与科学》2021年第11期1926-1933,共8页Computer Engineering & Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U19A2060)。

摘　　要：基于Linux的开源操作系统发行版本通常都是由一系列相互关联的软件包构建而成,由于软件包数量庞大、互相之间依赖和冲突等关系复杂,操作系统版本构建也变得复杂,定制裁剪的粒度和精度不足,可能存在很多冗余软件包。目前,操作系统版本的构建主要还是根据工程经验进行组织,特别是软件包的选择缺少理论分析和指导。给出基于依赖关系的操作系统版本构建的基本模型,并结合Ubuntu开源发行版本的版本构建过程和软件仓库数据,对软件包的出入度、优先级和分类等特征进行统计分析和模型验证,从依赖关系角度总结出操作系统版本构建的主要原则,为后续提升版本自动化定制裁剪的精度以及软件发行演化和故障分析提供指导和重要参考。Linux-based open-source operating system distributions are usually built from a series of interrelated packages.Due to the large number of packages,complex relationships such as dependencies and conflicts,the operating system distribution building is also complicated.The granularity and precision of customization are insufficient,and there may be many redundant packages.The current operating system distribution building is mainly organized through engineering experience,and especially the selection of software packages lack of theoretical analysis and guidance.This paper proposes a basic model of operating system distribution construction based on dependency relationship.Combined with the distribution building process and software repository data of Ubuntu,statistical analysis and model verification are carried out on the characteristics of software packages,such as in_degree and out_degree,priority,classification,etc.This paper summarizes the main principles of the operating system distribution building from the perspective of dependency relationship,and provides guidance and important reference for the subsequent improvement of the precision of automatic distribution customization,software release evolution and bug analysis.

关 键 词：操作系统 依赖关系 版本构建 软件发行管理 

分 类 号：TP311.5[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]