“负价格”的经济学解释  

An Economic Explanation of “Negative Price”

作　　者：吴海民[1] 张传杨 吴淑娟[1] WU Hai-min;ZHANG Chuan-yang;WU Shu-juan

机构地区：[1]五邑大学经济管理学院,广东江门529000

出　　处：《五邑大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期59-64,79,92,共8页Journal of Wuyi University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“破解中国工业增加值率的递减之谜:成因、机理与对策研究”(批准号:19YJA790091)之阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：具有供给刚性与需求弹性的商品,在面临短期需求急剧减少时存在左右为难的"关门点"决策,超出市场需求的过剩产品带有巨大的"负内部性",使得产品由过去对生产者有利的"正价值"转变为对生产者不利的"负价值","负价格"由此产生。本质上,"负价格"是生产者在关门点"两难选择"上为了抵消"负内部性"、维持刚性供给与弹性需求的平衡而付出的一种交易成本,是生产者权衡利弊后理性选择的最优决策。研究进一步丰富了经济学中的"停止营业点"理论。Commodities with supply rigidity and demand elasticity will face a dilemma of"closed"decisions when short-term demand decreases sharply.Surplus commodities exceeding market demand are of huge"negative internality",causing their"positive value"occurring when they are profitable to manufacturers to"negative value"when they are loss-making to manufacturers.In essence,"negative price"is a kind of transaction cost paid by producers in order to offset"negative internality"and maintain the balance between rigid supply and elastic demand at the"dilemma"closing point.It is the optimal decision made by producers after weighing the advantages and disadvantages.This study further enriches the"cease-of-business"theory in economics.

关 键 词：负价格 关门点 两难选择 负内部性 

分 类 号：F012[经济管理—政治经济学]