人脱细胞羊膜支架的制备及灭菌方法  

Preparation and sterilization method of human acellular amniotic membrane scaffold

作　　者：何琪 许发亚 李细艳 韩磊 肖雁冰 涂皎 He Qi;Xu Faya;Li Xiyan;Han Lei;Xiao Yanbing;Tu Jiao(Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学附属妇幼保健院,贵州省遵义市563000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2022年第25期4028-4033,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81460233),项目负责人:肖雁冰;遵义市科学技术局-遵义妇幼保健院联合科技研发资金项目[遵市科合社字(2018)210号],项目负责人:涂皎。

摘　　要：背景:人脱细胞羊膜是通过物理、化学及生物方法对人新鲜羊膜进行脱细胞后得到的天然支架材料,其内含有丰富的胶原蛋白、蛋白聚糖、糖蛋白、生长因子和细胞外基质等,具有良好的生物相容性、天然三维结构、低免疫原性、排异反应小及取材容易等优点,被广泛应用于皮肤、角膜、骨组织修复及外周神经再生等。目的:通过对比人脱细胞羊膜不同制备方法的优缺点,将这些方法加以组合从而达到脱细胞的最优化。方法:应用计算机检索万方数据库、CNKI数据库、PubMed数据库2000-2020年发表的相关文献,中文检索词为“羊膜,脱细胞羊膜,去细胞羊膜,脱细胞羊膜支架,羊膜灭菌,组织工程”;英文检索词为“amniotic membrane,acelluar amniotic membrane,decellularized amniotic membrane,decellularized human amniotic scaffolds,sterilization of amniotic membrane,tissue engineering”,最终纳入56篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:不同的人脱细胞羊膜制备方法具有各自的优缺点,虽然都可以有效去除大部分细胞成分,但同时也对剩余细胞外基质组成、生物活性、基底膜的完整性和生物力学性能等造成不利影响。因此,需要通过不同方法之间的优势互补,进而提高脱细胞的效率。常用的联合方法有化学与生物联合法、物理与化学联合法、物理与化学/生物联合法,其中最有效的是化学、生物(酶)及物理等多种方法联合应用,先采用化学去污剂破坏细胞膜,然后用酶将细胞组分与细胞外基质分离,最后用刮擦及振荡等物理方法提高脱细胞效率,最终达到既能完全清除细胞又能保留较为完整的细胞外基质的目的。BACKGROUND:Human acelluar amniotic membrane is a natural scaffold material,which obtains from the decellularization of fresh human amniotic membrane by physical,chemical and biological methods.It is rich in collagen,proteoglycan,glycoprotein,growth factor,extracellular matrix and so on.Human acelluar amniotic membrane has the advantages of good biocompatibility,natural three-dimensional structure,low immunogenicity,small rejection reaction,easy sampling and so on.Therefore,it is widely used in skin,cornea,bone tissue repair and peripheral nerve regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To achieve optimal decellularization by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods of human acelluar amniotic membrane and combined all the methods together.METHODS:The articles were searched in Wanfang,CNKI,and PubMed databases published from 2000 to 2020.The key words were“amniotic membrane,acelluar amniotic membrane,decellularized amniotic membrane,decellularized human amniotic scaffolds,sterilization of amniotic membrane,tissue engineering”in Chinese and English.Finally,56 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nowadays,all the preparation methods of human acelluar amniotic membrane have their own advantages and disadvantages.Although all of them can effectively remove most of the cell components,they also adversely affect residual extracellular matrix composition,biological activity,intact basement membrane,biomechanical properties and so on.Therefore,it is necessary to complement the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods to improve the efficiency of decellularization.Common combination methods are chemical and biological combination,physical and chemical combination,physical and chemical/biological combination to decellularize together.Among them,the most effective method is the combination of chemical,biological(enzyme)and physical methods.First,chemical detergents were used to destroy cell membranes,and then enzyme was used to separate cell components from extracel

关 键 词：羊膜 脱细胞羊膜 去细胞羊膜 支架 灭菌 组织工程 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.1[医药卫生—临床医学]