土壤速效磷浸提中的活性炭加入量和静置时间优化  

Optimization of activated carbon addition and placing time in soil available phosphorus extraction

作　　者：李小涵[1] 党海燕 马悦 惠晓丽[1] 王朝辉[1] 邱炜红[1] LI Xiaohan;DANG Haiyan;MA Yue;HUI Xiaoli;WANG Zhaohui;QIU Weihong(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2021年第10期45-47,80,共4页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200400);西北农林科技大学教改项目(JY1903078)。

摘　　要：Olsen法是浸提测定土壤速效磷的标准方法,但该方法的操作步骤中,活性炭的加入量和振荡浸提结束后的静置时间等细节描述模糊,易导致操作不规范,造成实验结果较大偏差。该文利用采自我国不同地区且速效磷含量差异显著的5种土壤,对上述问题进行研究。结果表明,在土壤速效磷浸提过程中,活性炭的加入量过大,会导致土壤速效磷含量测定值偏低,称样量为2.50 g土壤时,活性炭适宜用量为0.50 g;振荡浸提结束后,随静置时间延长,滤液中的土壤速效磷含量也会逐渐降低,且静置20 min时,测定值最低;在静置后重新摇匀浸提液再过滤,可消除静置对土壤速效磷测定结果的影响。Olsen method is a standard method for the extraction of soil available phosphorus(P),but in the operation steps of this method,the details such as the amount of activated carbon and the placing time after vibration are vague,which easily leads to nonstandard operation and large deviation of experimental results.In this paper,five soils from different regions of China with significant differences in available P content are used to investigate the above problems.The results show that overlarge amount of the activated carbon added during the extraction lowered the available P extracted from soils,and addition of 0.50 g activated carbon is suitable for the extraction of 2.50 g soil.The available P concentration in the leachate decreased gradually with the elongation of the placing time after vibration,and the measured value is lowest after placing 20 minutes,and well shaking of the extract solution before filtrating is found able to eliminate the effect of placing time on soil available P content measured.

关 键 词：土壤 速效磷 活性炭 静置时间 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]