基于小麦模型算法集成平台的三种水分胁迫算法比较  

Comparison of three water stress algorithms based on the integration platform of wheat model algorithms

作　　者：陈先冠 冯利平[1] 白慧卿[1] 余卫东[2] Chen Xianguan;Feng Liping;Bai Huiqing;Yu Weidong(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Safeguard and Applied Technique,China Meteorological Administration,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,郑州450003

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第16期47-57,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0300201);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021TC117)。

摘　　要：准确模拟水分胁迫并揭示其对作物生长发育过程的影响,是作物模型应用于田间研究和干旱影响评估的关键。该研究将3种主流水分胁迫算法整合到一个标准平台中,组成土壤含水率模型(average Soil Water Content,SWC)、土壤水分供需比模型(Water Supply to Demand ratio,WS/WD)和相对蒸腾模型(Actual to Potential Transpiration ratio,AT/PT)共3种水分胁迫模拟模型。利用河北吴桥2017—2019年冬小麦水分试验田间观测数据结合2008—2009和2013—2016年水分试验文献资料对模型平台进行参数校准与验证。结果表明,3种模型的模拟结果与实测值均吻合良好,地上部生物量、土壤含水率和产量的归一化均方根误差(Normalized Root Mean Squared Error,NRMSE)分别为14.0%~16.5%、5.1%~8.8%和5.4%~7.7%。3种水分胁迫模型模拟的生长季水分亏缺出现的时间和严重程度不同,但模拟的水分胁迫因子年际间变化一致。雨养条件下,生长季降水量分别决定了SWC、WS/WD和AT/PT模型模拟的年际间水分胁迫因子变异的56%、56%和39%。灌水对产量具有促进作用,但灌水量增加会导致灌水利用效率下降。SWC、WS/WD和AT/PT模型模拟枯水年灌四水(底墒水+起身水+孕穗水+开花水)处理的产量较不灌水分别高163%、132%和92%,灌四水处理的灌水利用效率较灌一水(底墒水)处理分别低26.8%、12.3%和40.0%。在吴桥县冬小麦水分管理决策中,WS/WD模型最优,SWC模型次之,AP/TP模型较差。研究结果可为提升作物模型在冬小麦干旱影响评估和水分管理方面的可信度提供参考。Drought has posed an ever-increasing impact on agricultural production in recent years.A crop model has widely been an effective tool to explore the effects of drought on agriculture.Accurately simulating water stress in a crop model is a key step to assess the effect of drought impact on crop growth and development in field.In this study,three algorithms of water stress were integrated into a standard platform,where three kinds of water stress models were composed of:average Soil Water Content(SWC),Water Supply to Demand ratio model(WS/WD),and Actual to Potential Transpiration ratio model(AP/TP).The parameters of models were calibrated and verified using field observation data in the irrigation experiment from 2017 to 2019 in Wuqiao,Hebei Province,and literature data of irrigation experiment from 2008 to 2009 and 2013 to 2016.Five irrigation scenarios were designed,including rainfed,one irrigation(75 mm),two irrigations(150 mm),three irrigations(225 mm),and four irrigations(300 mm).The results showed that simulated values fully represented the measured ones with a reasonable error range under different water stress models.Therefore,the normalized root mean squared error(NRMSE)values of root depth,root biomass,anthesis,and maturity were 10.2%,17.1%,1.2%,and 1.0%,respectively.The NRMSE values of leaf area index,above-ground biomass,soil water content,and yield under three models ranged from 26.6%-33.1%,14.0%-16.5%,5.1%-8.8%,and 5.4%-7.7%,respectively.There was also a difference in the occurrence time and severity of water deficit that was simulated by three water stress models during the wheat growing season.Nevertheless,there was a consistent trend of interannual water stress factors.Furthermore,the factors of water stress simulated by the SWC and the WS/WD model was relatively higher than those by the AP/TP model.The water stress simulated by the three models in wet years was lighter than that in dry years.There was an earlier occurrence of drought that was predicted by the AP/TP model,whereas,the latter by the

关 键 词：作物 参数化 水分管理 降水年型 WMAIP 水分胁迫 算法比较 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]