基于颗粒跃移运动的推移质输沙率研究  

A Formula for Bed Load Transport Rate Based on Particles Saltation

作　　者：周双[1] 张根广[1] 刘余 王愉乐 ZHOU Shuang;ZHANG Genguang;LIU Yu;WANG Yule(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]武汉大学,水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2021年第4期797-806,共10页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51879227,51279170)。

摘　　要：采用高速摄像技术,对跃移颗粒撞击床面颗粒的过程进行了观测.通过求解跃移颗粒与床面颗粒的撞击模型,确定了速度恢复系数.纵向速度恢复系数主要由撞击面角度决定;垂向速度恢复系数主要由入射角度决定.通过求解跃移运动方程,建立了考虑颗粒碰撞影响的平均跃移高度、跃移速度计算式.基于平均颗粒浓度与有效水流强度之间的关系,推导出均匀推移质输沙率公式.经与水槽试验数据、天然河流实测数据的比较,本文公式具有良好的适用性和准确性,可以用于输沙率的预测.A high-speed imaging technique is used to observe the collisions between the saltating particles and the particles on the bed.The velocity recovery coefficient was derived by solving the collision model between the saltating particles and the particles on the bed.The experimental results show that the longitudinal velocity recovery coefficient is dominated by the collision angle, and the vertical velocity recovery coefficient is dominated by the incident angle.With considering the effect of particle collision, the formula is established by solving the equation of saltating motion to calculate the mean saltating height and velocity.Based on the correlation between the mean particle concentration and the effective flow intensity, the formula for uniform bed load transport rate is derived.The comparison between the calculation results and the measured data shows that the formula has good applicability and accuracy to predict the sediment transport rate.

关 键 词：推移质 输沙率 泥沙运动速度 颗粒撞击 跃移 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]