农业家庭经营:建党百年来的政策逻辑与新阶段的实践取向  

Family-based Farming:Policy Logic since the Founding of the CPC and Practice Orientation in the New Stage

作　　者：于福波 张应良[2] YU Fubo;ZHANG Yingliang

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学农村经济与管理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2021年第10期100-112,共13页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“新形势下提升中国粮食产业战略竞争力的重点方略与路径选择研究”(编号:20AGL023)。

摘　　要：农业家庭经营生命力的问题一直是组织经济学的热点和前沿问题,针对系统性的理论研究和承前启后历史研究的相对滞后,本文从理论上阐释了农业家庭经营可持续发展的优势与困境,梳理了建党百年来农业家庭经营政策演变的六个阶段,得到以下主要结论与启示,第一,农业家庭经营是一种富有弹性并且可以有效获取农业内部规模经济的经营形式。第二,为了弥补农业家庭经营的功能不足,从"生产社会化"转向"服务社会化"实践,是农业家庭经营政策演变的基本逻辑。第三,农业家庭经营政策的阶段性演变,充分体现出中国共产党"以不变应万变"实事求是的思想。最后,遵循政策逻辑和国情农情,新阶段坚定以农村家庭承包经营为基础的农业基本经营制度,并在此基础上坚持"经营规模化"和"服务多元化"双措并举的实践取向,是在第二个百年实现农业农村现代化的重要演进路径。The vitality of the family-based farming has always been a hot and frontier issue in organizational economics,but the systematic theoretical research and historical research are relatively backward.This paper theoretically explains the advantages and difficulties of sustainable development of the family-based farming,and sorts out six different stages of policy evolution.The main conclusions and inspirations of this paper are as follows:first,the family-based farming is a kind of flexible operation form which can obtain the scale economy within agriculture effectively.Second,in order to make up for the insufficient function of the family-based farming,the practice of shifting from"production socialization"to"service socialization"is the basic logic of the policy evolution.Third,the gradual evolution of the family-based farming policy fully reflects the CPC’s thought of seeking truth from facts"responding to changes with invariability".Finally,following the policy logic and the national conditions of agriculture,the basic management system of agriculture based on family management should be firmly established in the new stage,and on this basis,the practice orientation of"operation scale"and"service diversification"should be adhered to simultaneously,which is an important evolutionary path to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas in the second century.

关 键 词：中国共产党 农业家庭经营 农业农村现代化 经营规模化 服务多元化 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]