聚氨酯前驱体基化学改性沥青及其改性机理  

Polyurethane-precursor-based Chemically Modified Asphalt and Its Modification Mechanism

作　　者：李添帅 陆国阳 梁栋 张洋 徐加秋 罗桑[5] 王大为 洪斌[1] OESER Markus LI Tian-shuai;LU Guo-yang;LIANG Dong;ZHANG Yang;XU Jia-qiu;LUO Sang;WANG Da-wei;HONG Bin;OESER Markus(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,Heilongjiang,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China;BASF Polyurethane Specialties(China)Company Ltd.,Shanghai 200137,China;Jilin Traffic Planning and Design Institute,Changchun 130021,Jilin,China;Intelligent Transportation System Research Center,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Highway Engineering,RWTH Aachen University,Aachen 52074,North Rhine-Westphalia,Germany)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]香港理工大学土木与环境工程系,香港999077 [3]巴斯夫聚氨酯特种产品(中国)有限公司,上海200137 [4]吉林省交通规划设计院,吉林长春130021 [5]东南大学智能运输系统研究中心,江苏南京210096 [6]亚琛工业大学道路工程研究所,北莱茵-威斯特法伦亚琛52074

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2021年第10期45-59,共15页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0116300);黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(JJ2020ZD0015);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51908165);中国博士后创新人才支持计划项目(BX20180088)。

摘　　要：环保耐久材料的研究与应用对实现道路工程可持续发展具有重大的意义,采用以异氰酸酯为活性官能团的聚氨酯前驱体基反应型改性剂(PRM)制备改性沥青在环境保护和性能提升方面展现出了显著价值。采用"微观-介观-宏观"的跨尺度表征方法,对PRM改性机制进行了详细分析。通过与SBS改性沥青进行对照,评价了PRM改性沥青的流变学性能和抗热氧老化性能,明确了PRM改性沥青混合料的路用性能。研究结果表明:PRM改性过程存在明显化学变化,依托于改性过程中生成的氨基甲酸酯和脲等官能团,能够在沥青内部建立基于沥青质组分的共价交联网络结构。这一过程不仅促使沥青组分发生选择性聚集和沥青质重新构型,同时增大了沥青的表面自由能,从而获得更加稳定的内部结构。PRM改性沥青较基质沥青温度敏感性有所降低,展现出了良好的抵抗高温永久变形、抵抗疲劳破坏、抵抗低温开裂和抵抗热氧老化的能力。与SBS改性沥青相比,PRM在提升沥青高温性能、抗疲劳性能和抗热氧老化性能方面具有明显优势,并有望将改性沥青生产温度降低至140℃~150℃。结合沥青混合料路用性能测试结果,2.5%改性剂掺量PRM改性沥青混合料展现了与4%改性剂掺量SBS改性沥青混合料相当的低温性能、更好的高温性能和水稳定性能,PRM在提升沥青混合料路用性能方面具有显著优势。The research and application of the eco-friendly and durable materials are of great significance to realize the sustainable development of road engineering.The preparation of modified asphalt with Polyurethane-precursor-based Reactive Modifier(PRM)with isocyanate as the active functional group shows significant values in environmental protection and performance improvement.The cross-scale(micro-meso-macro)characterization method was used to clarify the modification mechanism of PRM in detail.Compared with SBS modified asphalt,the rheological mechanical properties and thermal-oxidative aging resistance of PRM modified asphalt were characterized,and the road performance of PRM modified asphalt mixture was evaluated.The results show that there are obvious chemical changes in the modification process with PRM.Based on the urethane and urea functional groups formed in the modification process,the covalent crosslinking network structure based on the presence of asphaltene components can be established in asphalt.This process not only promotes the selective aggregation of asphalt fractions and the reconfiguration of asphaltenes,but also increases the surface free energy of asphalt,so as to obtain a more stable internal structure.The temperature sensitivity of PRM modified asphalt is lower than that of base asphalt,showing good resistance to high-temperature permanent deformation,fatigue damage,low-temperature cracking and thermal-oxidative aging.Compared with the SBS modified asphalt,PRM has obvious advantages in improving high-temperature performance,fatigue resistance and thermal-oxidative aging resistance of asphalt.Besides,it is expected to reduce the production temperature of modified asphalt to 140℃-150℃.Combined with the test results of pavement performance of asphalt mixture,PRM modified asphalt mixture with 2.5%concentration shows equivalent low-temperature performance as well as better high-temperature performance and water stability as SBS modified asphalt mixture with 4%concentration.PRM has significant

关 键 词：道路工程 聚氨酯前驱体基化学改性沥青 试验研究 改性机理 材料性能 对比分析 

分 类 号：U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]