絮体粒径对生物絮团系统中硝化作用的影响  

Effects of Different Floc Particle Sizes on Nitrification in Biofloc Technology Aquaculture System

作　　者：陈晓庆[1] 罗国芝[1,2,3] 谭洪新[1,2,3] 吴慧芳 蒙浩焱 黎爽 CHEN Xiaoqing;LUO Guozhi;TAN Hongxin;WU Huifang;MENG Haoyan;LI Shuang(Research and Development Center of Aquaculture Engineering of Shanghai,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水产科学》2021年第6期860-869,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(14320501900).

摘　　要：生物絮团进行50d的启动培养,通过300目筛网筛出3组不同粒径分组,分别为未分级絮体组、<50μm絮体组和>50μm絮体组。在3组反应器中分别加入10mg/L的总氨氮,以碳氮比为15的标准在反应器中加入葡萄糖,探究水体中氨氮的去除效果。试验结果显示,不同粒径的絮体组对总氨氮的去除速度差异不显著(P>0.05),硝化效率差异也不显著。利用高通量测序技术对生物絮体的细菌群落结构进行分析。检测结果表明,不同粒径絮体组在门、纲、属水平上的微生物群落组成基本相似,生物絮团培养过程中主要微生物类群隶属于6个纲:放线菌纲、α-变形菌纲、β-变形菌纲、γ-变形菌纲、芽孢杆菌纲、鞘脂杆菌纲。在属水平上,红球菌属、微杆菌属、噬氢菌属、芽孢杆菌属为优势菌属,其余为副球菌属、假单孢菌属、水单胞菌属、分支杆菌属、丝状菌属等多个菌属和一些未知菌属。<50μm絮体组厚壁菌门(芽孢杆菌属)显著高于其余两组(P<0.05),粒径对厚壁菌门(芽孢杆菌属)的丰度影响显著。添加碳源可以提高微生物群落的多样性和稳定性。After biofloc were cultured for 50 days,three groups of different particle size flocs were sieved through a 300 mesh sieve which named as un-sieved bioflocs,<50μm particle size and>50μm particle size,respectively.A total of 10 mg/L total ammonia nitrogen(TAN)and glucose were added into the three reactors with the C/N ratio of 15.The removal effect of nitrogen in the water was investigated.It was showed that there was no significant differences in the assimilation removal rate of ammonia nitrogen with different size flocs(P>0.05).The bacterial community of bioflocs was analyzed by Illumina MiSeq sequencing analyzes.The results showed that the microbial community composition of the different floc particle size groups was similar at the levels of phylum,class and genus.The main bacteria in the process of biofloc culture belonged to 6 classes:Actinobacteria,α-Proteobacteria,β-Proteobacteria,γ-Proteobacteria,Bacilli and Sphingobacteriia.In the genus level,Rhodococcus,Microbacterium,Hydrogenophaga and Bacillus were dominant bacteria.Other bacterium genera include Paracoccus,Pseudomonas,Aquimonas,Mycobacterium,Candidatus_Alysiosphaera and some unknown ones.There was significantly higher abundance of Firmicutes(Bacillus)in the<50 m particle size group than that in the other two groups(P<0.05),and particle size had a significant effect on the abundance of Firmicutes(Bacillus)(P<0.05).The addition of carbon source can improve the stability and cushioning of the microbial community.

关 键 词：生物絮团—水产养殖系统 絮体粒径 硝化作用 微生物群落 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]