潘家口水库温室气体溶存、排放特征及影响因素  

Dissolution and emission patterns and influencing factors of greenhouse gases in Panjiakou Reservoir

作　　者：杨凡艳 张松林[1] 王少明[3] 胡晓康 王洪伟 汤梦瑶 张敏 钟继承[2] YANG Fan-yan;ZHANG Song-lin;WANG Shao-ming;HU Xiao-kang;WANG Hong-wei;TANG Meng-yao;ZHANG Min;ZHONG Ji-cheng(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Bureau of Luanhe Diversion Project,Haihe Water Conservancy Commission,Ministry of Water Resources,Qianxi 064309,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]水利部海河水利委员会引滦工程管理局,河北迁西064309 [4]安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第11期5303-5313,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41371457,41771122);水利部海河水利委员会引滦工程管理局潘家口水库内源污染专项。

摘　　要：以大型深水水电类水库潘家口水库为例,于2020年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)在研究区设置33个采样点,采用顶空平衡—气相色谱法和经验模型法对水柱温室气体浓度和水-气界面扩散通量进行了观测及估算,并分析了潘家口水库温室气体浓度及通量的主要影响因素.结果表明:春季潘家口水库水-气界面CH_(4)、CO_(2)、N_(2)O平均通量分别为(1.11±1.60)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(1333.31±546.43)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(76.65±19.54)nmol/(m^(2)·h).夏季潘家口水库水-气界面CH_(4)、CO_(2)、N_(2)O平均通量分别为(0.62±1.13)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(746.08±1152.44)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(141.18±256.02)nmol/(m^(2)·h).潘家口水库温室气体排放呈现出大的时空异质性,空间上春季和夏季各温室气体通量均表现为干流大于支流;季节上CH_(4)与CO_(2)扩散通量表现为春季大于夏季,而N_(2)O扩散通量夏季大于春季.统计分析表明CH_4扩散通量主要受电导率、风速等环境因子影响,CO_(2)扩散通量受风速、pH及DOC影响,N_(2)O扩散通量主要受水柱NO_(3)^(-)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N的影响.Hydropower reservoirs are important natural source of greenhouse gas emissions.Therefore,taking Panjiakou Reservoir,a large hydroelectric reservoir with deep water as an example,33 sampling stations were set up in Panjiakou Reservoir in spring(may)and summer(August)of 2020.Headspace equilibrium gas chromatography and empirical model methods were used to measure the greenhouse gas concentrations in surface water and estimate the diffusive fluxes at the water-air interface,and the main influencing factors of greenhouse gas concentrations and fluxes in Panjiakou Reservoir were also analyzed.The results show that the average fluxes of CH_(4),CO_(2) and N_(2)O at the water-air interface of Panjiakou Reservoir in spring were(1.11±1.60)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(1333.31±546.43)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(76.65±19.54)nmol/(m^(2)·h),respectively.In summer,the average fluxes of CH_(4),CO_(2) and N_(2)O at the water-air interface of Panjiakou Reservoir were(0.62±1.13)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(746.08±1152.44)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(141.18±256.02)nmol/(m^(2)·h),respectively.The greenhouse gas emissions of Panjiakou Reservoir showed large spatio-temporal heterogeneity,the greenhouse gas fluxes of the main body were larger than those of the tributaries in spring and summer;the diffusion fluxes of CH_(4)and CO_(2) in spring were larger than those in summer,and the diffusion fluxes of N_(2)O in summer are larger than those in spring.The results of statistical analysis shows that methane diffusion fluxes were mainly affected by environmental factors such as conductivity and wind speed,CO_(2) diffusion fluxes were affected by wind speed,p H and DOC,and N_(2)O diffusion fluxes were mainly affected by NO_(3)^(-)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N in water column.

关 键 词：水库 温室气体 水-气界面 扩散通量 影响因子 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]