大型多功能结构物-土界面循环直剪仪的研制与应用  

Development and application of large-scale multifunctional cyclic direct shear apparatus for structure-soil interface

作　　者：郭聚坤 王瑞[1] 寇海磊[3] 魏道凯[2,4] 卞贵建 雷胜友[1] GUO Jukun;WANG Rui;KOU Hailei;WEI Daokai;BIAN Guijian;LEI Shengyou(School of Highway,Chang′an University,Xi′an 710064,China;School of Highway and Architecture,Shandong Transport Vocational College,Shandong Weifang 261206,China;College of Engineering,Ocean University of China,Shandong Qingdao 266100,China;Engineering Project Management Center of Shigatse Transportation Bureau,Tibet Shigatse 857021,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]山东交通职业学院公路与建筑系,山东潍坊261206 [3]中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛266100 [4]日喀则市交通运输局工程项目管理中心,西藏日喀则857021

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第5期673-681,共9页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山东省自然科学青年基金项目(ZR2020QE257);西藏自治区科技计划基金项目(XZ202001ZY0013G);西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ202001ZR0058G);山东省交通运输科技项目(2020B23)。

摘　　要：借助剪切设备开展室内试验是研究结构物-土体相互作用的重要途径之一,因此,剪切设备的改进或研制具有重要意义.本文研制了一种大型多功能结构物-土界面循环直剪仪,该设备可以实现在法线方向施加常应力和常刚度两种加载方式,通过伺服电机控制等应变、等应力方式施加剪切力,剪切盒上设有玻璃观察窗,可配合外置图像采集系统观察土体颗粒的运动轨迹,上下剪切盒的联接采用保证间隙的滚动方式结构,限制了上剪切盒在试验过程中的上翘,辅助导轨的设计方便了结构物更换和土样装卸,试验数据通过计算机控制系统实现自动采集和实时显示.利用该设备进行了钙质砂与粗糙钢板的界面循环剪切试验,试验结果表明:该设备能够较好地分析钢-钙质砂界面剪切特性,为后期结构物-颗粒土相互作用研究提供了有力的试验支撑.It is one of the important ways to study the interaction between structure and soil to carry out laboratory test by shear equipment,so the improvement or development of shear equipment is of great significance.In this paper,a large-scale multifunctional cyclic direct shear apparatus for structure-soil interface is developed,which can realize two loading modes of applying constant stress and constant stiffness in the normal direction.The shearing force is applied by servo motor in the way of equal strain and equal stress.The shear box is equipped with a glass observation window,which can cooperate with the external image acquisition system to observe the movement track of soil particles.The connection of the upper and lower shear boxes adopts the rolling structure to ensure the clearance,which limits the upward warping of the upper shear box during the test.The design of the auxiliary guide rail facilitates the replacement of the structure and the loading or unloading of the soil sample.The test data can be automatically collected and displayed at the same time through the computer control system.The cyclic shear test of interface between calcareous sand and rough steel plate was carried out with this equipment.The experimental results show that the equipment can better analyze the shear characteristics of steel-calcareous sand interface,which provides a strong experimental support for the later study of interaction between structure and granular soil.

关 键 词：设备研制 界面剪切 常刚度 常应力 剪切特性 循环直剪 

分 类 号：TU473.1[建筑科学—结构工程]