3种处理工艺对280VK汽车用钢板腐蚀行为的影响研究  

Effect of Three Treatment Processes on Corrosion Behavior of 280VK Automotive Steel Plate

作　　者：徐接旺 XU Jie-wang(Pangang Group Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Panzhihua 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《材料保护》2021年第10期132-137,141,共7页Materials Protection

摘　　要：脱脂、涂油和焊接是汽车用钢生产加工过程中最为常用的3种处理工艺。为提高汽车板表面耐蚀性能并延长其使用寿命,以280VK汽车结构用钢为基材,系统研究了3种处理工艺对280VK钢腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:涂油试样具有良好的耐湿热性能。高温焊接时试样表面油膜的分解、组织结构和表面状态的变化,导致材料在焊点处具有较高的电化学活性,优先被腐蚀。3种试样的腐蚀速率与试样的服役环境有关,在C(Cl-)=0.05 mol/L的0.50 mol/L Na _(2)SO _(4)溶液中,3种试样的耐蚀性能差异较大,防锈油的防护性能越明显。防锈油对280VK钢表面微孔具有良好的填充作用,导致试样表面的孔隙率和孔径大幅减少。此外,防锈油不仅防止了水、电解质和氧气等腐蚀介质直接与基材接触,而且能阻碍水分子的吸附,从而显著提高了材料的耐蚀性能。Surface degreasing,oiling and welding are three commonly used treatment processes in production and processing of automobile steels.In order to improve the corrosion resistance of automobile plate surface and prolong its service life,280VK automobile structural steel was used as the base material.The effects of three treatment processes on corrosion behavior of 280VK steels were systematically studied.Results showed that the oiled specimens had a good wet-heat resistant property.During high temperature welding,the decomposition of oil film on the surface of the sample,the change of microstructure and surface state led to the high electrochemical activity of the material at the solder joint,which was preferentially corroded.In addition,the corrosion rate of the three specimens were related to the service environment.In 0.50 mol/L Na _(2)SO _(4) solution with C(Cl-)=0.05 mol/L,the corrosion resistance of the three specimens was quite different,and the protective performance of the anti-rust oil was obvious.The anti-rust oil had a good filling effect on the surface micropores of 280VK steel.As a result,the porosity and pore size of the sample surface were greatly reduced.What’s more,the anti-rust oil not only prevented water molecules,electrolytes,oxygen and other corrosive media form directly contacting the substrate,but also hindered the adhesion of water molecules.Therefore,the corrosion resistance of the material was significantly improved.

关 键 词：280VK 汽车钢 耐蚀性能 电化学活性 腐蚀环境 

分 类 号：TG174.3[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]