中国巢鼠属分类与分布的讨论  

Discussion on the taxonomy and distribution of the Micromys Dehne,1841 in China

作　　者：裴枭鑫 曲潍滢 张敏[1] 邵江山 方磊 陈中正 PEI Xiaoxin;QU Weiying;ZHANG Min;SHAO Jiangshan;FANG Lei;CHEN Zhongzheng(Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education,School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;Anhui Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve,Jixi 245300,China;Hefei Wild Animal Park,Hefei 230061,China)

机构地区：[1]皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心,安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,芜湖241002 [2]安徽清凉峰国家级自然保护区,绩溪245300 [3]合肥野生动物园,合肥230061

出　　处：《兽类学报》2021年第6期631-640,共10页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31900318);安徽省自然科学基金(2008085QC106);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0486);安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-075)。

摘　　要：巢鼠属(Micromys Dehne,1841)隶属于啮齿目(Rodentia)鼠科(Muridae),是最小的啮齿动物之一。此前的研究显示该属包含巢鼠(M.minutus)和红耳巢鼠(M.erythrotis)两个物种,但由于数据缺乏,红耳巢鼠的有效种地位仍存争议,且两个物种在中国的地理分布也不确定。本研究在安徽清凉峰国家级自然保护区采集到一批巢鼠属标本,经形态与分子学鉴定发现其包含巢鼠和红耳巢鼠两个物种,它们在清凉峰海拔1600 m处同域分布,支持红耳巢鼠的有效种地位。基于安徽清凉峰巢鼠和红耳巢鼠的外形特点,本文对国家动物标本资源库的巢鼠属照片进行了分析,并结合相关文献资料,对中国巢鼠属的地理分布进行了整理,同时绘制了地理分布图。结果显示:在我国巢鼠主要分布在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、陕西、甘肃、新疆、江苏、安徽、浙江、湖南、江西、广东、福建、台湾;红耳巢鼠主要分布在云南、四川、陕西、湖北、西藏、贵州、重庆、安徽、福建、广西;两者在安徽清凉峰和陕西镇巴县、城固县皆有分布。此外,分子系统学分析显示,我国巢鼠属多样性仍被低估,极有可能存在未知的分类单元,巢鼠属的分类研究工作仍需加强。Micromys Dehne,1841 is part of the Muridae family and is one of the smallest rodents.Previous studies have shown that the genus consists of two species,M.minutus and M.erythrotis.However,due to the lack of data,the species status of M.erythrotis is still controversial,and the geographical distribution of the two species in China is uncertain.In this study,a number of specimens of the genus Micromys were recently collected from Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve in Anhui Province.They were identified as M.minutus and M.erythrotis based on morphology and molecular analyses.Both species occur in sympatry at altitude 1600 m in Qingliangfeng.Our findings therefore support the species status of M.erythrotis.Based on the morphological characteristics of the M.minutus and M.erythrotis individuals collected in Qingliangfeng,we analyzed the photos of Micromys specimens housed in the National Animal Collection Resource Center and,combined with the data available in the literature,reorganized the geographical distribution of the genus Micromys in China and provided updated distribution maps.The results showed that M.minutus is mainly distributed in Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,Inner Mongolia,Hebei,Shaanxi,Gansu,Xinjiang,Jiangsu,Anhui,Zhejiang,Hunan,Jiangxi,Guangdong,Fujian and Taiwan.M.erythrotis is mainly distributed in Yunnan,Sichuan,Shaanxi,Hubei,Tibet,Guizhou,Chongqing,Anhui,Fujian and Guangxi.Qingliangfeng in Anhui Province and Zhenba and Chenggu counties in Shaanxi Province are the overlapping distribution areas of the two species.In addition,the results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis show that the diversity of the genus is still underestimated in China and it is very likely that there are undescribed taxa in the genus.

关 键 词：红耳巢鼠 巢鼠 分布 分类 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]