行政合同准用《民法典》规范之基础与规则——以禁止滥用民事权利原则与合同司法解除权为视角  

The Basis and Rules of Administrative Contract in Civil Code——From the Perspective of the Principle of Prohibiting the Abuse of Civil Rights and the Right of Judicial Rescission of Contracts

作　　者：吴涛 Wu Tao(School of Literature,History and Law,Hunan University of Arts and Science,Changde 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院文史与法学学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学研究生论丛》2021年第5期157-165,共9页Journal of the Postgraduates of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：在尚无相关法律明文规定下,行政合同准用《民法典》禁止滥用民事权利原则与合同司法解除权在司法实践中面临着准用难题。鉴于行政合同与民事合同的核心构成要素即“意思要素”相一致,且民法与行政法各自规范上的诚信原则具有法理相通性,所以皆应以《民法典》诚信原则作为合同履行之根本准则,行政机关行政优益权的行使也应受诚信原则约束。作为诚信原则的延伸即禁止滥用民事权利原则,在行政合同中应予以准用。民事合同中司法解除权有其存在的法理基础,但它的行使有严格的法律限制。与民事合同一样,行政合同也会面临“合同僵局”。当行政合同相对人一方继续履行行政合同可能会导致社会公共利益受损时,可以诉请法院解除合同。这种司法解除权也兼顾了行政机关订立行政合同的目的,故而同样准用行政合同。In the absence of explicit provisions of the relevant laws,the principle of prohibiting the abuse of civil rights and the power of judicial rescission of contracts in the civil code are applied to administrative contracts,which is a difficult problem in judicial practice.The core elements of administrative contract and civil contract,namely“meaning element”,are consistent.Although the principles of good faith in civil law and administrative law are different in their respective norms,they are interlinked in legal theory.Therefore,the principle of good faith in the civil code should be taken as the fundamental criterion of contract performance.And the exercise of administrative priority rights of administrative organs should also be bound by the principle of good faith.As an extension of the principle of good faith,namely the principle of prohibiting the abuse of civil rights,it should be applied mutatis mutandis in administrative contracts.The power of judicial rescission in civil contracts has its legal basis,but its exercise is subject to strict legal restrictions.Like civil contracts,administrative compliance will also face“contract deadlock”.When the continued performance of the administrative contract cause damage to the social and public interests,the opposite party of the administrative contract can apply to the court to terminate the contract.This judicial termination power also takes into account the purpose of the administrative organ to conclude the administrative contract,so the administrative contract is also applicable.

关 键 词：合同目的 禁止滥用民事权利原则 司法解除权 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]