复合生防菌剂对田间烟草根茎类病害的防治效果  

Control efficacies of composite biocontrol agents against tobacco rhizomatic diseases in fields

作　　者：刘畅[1] 姚晨虓 李小杰[1] 李成军[1] 刘东升[1] 陆施羽 李淑君[1] LIU Chang;YAO Chenxiao;LI Xiaojie;LI Chengjun;LIU Dongsheng;LU Shiyu;LI Shujun(Tobacco Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,Henan,China;College of Forestry,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南省许昌市461000 [2]河南科技大学林学院,河南省洛阳市471003

出　　处：《烟草科技》2021年第11期18-24,共7页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：河南省烟草公司科学研究与技术开发重点项目“河南烟草病虫害绿色防控关键技术研究与应用”(201741000027063);河南省烟草公司科技项目“河南省烟草主要病虫害预测预报及综合防治示范”(201741000027064);中国烟草总公司重点实验室项目“黄淮烟区烟草黑胫病高效生防菌剂及抑菌活性物质研究”(110201603012);河南省财政预算项目“烟草根茎类病害拮抗细菌的筛选及作用机理研究”(豫财预[2017]76-4)

摘　　要：为明确两种复合生防菌剂对烟草黑胫病和烟草镰刀菌根腐病的大田防治效果,调查了施入两种复合生防菌剂[A.假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas)与绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)发酵液按体积比1∶1复配;B.芽胞杆菌(Bacillus)和哈茨木霉菌(Trichoderma harzianum)发酵液按体积比1∶1复配]后田间烟草黑胫病和烟草镰刀菌根腐病的发病情况,同时测定了烟株地上部和根部农艺性状指标及烤后烟叶常规化学成分含量(质量分数)。结果表明:使用复合生防菌剂A能够降低烟田根茎类病害发病率和病情指数,相对防效达到48.46%。复合生防菌剂A、复合生防菌剂B均可改善烟株农艺性状,增加烟株根系鲜质量、根体积、侧根数和须根数。施用两种复合生防菌剂的烟叶内在化学成分含量适宜,比例更趋协调。In order to clarify the field control efficacies of two kinds of composite biocontrol agents against tobacco black shank disease and fusarium root rot disease in tobacco fields,the incidences of tobacco black shank disease and fusarium root rot disease in tobacco fields after applying the two biocontrol agents(A.the mixture of Pseudomonas and Trichoderma viride zymotic fluids at the volume ratio of 1∶1,B.the mixture of Bacillus and Trichoderma harzianum zymotic fluids at the volume ratio of 1∶1)were investigated.The agronomic trait indexes and the contents(mass fraction)of routine chemical components in aerial parts and roots of cured tobacco leaves were measured.The results showed that the composite biocontrol agent A reduced the incidence and disease index of tobacco rhizome diseases,and its relative control efficacy reached 48.46%.Both agents A and B improved the agronomic traits of tobacco plants,increased root fresh weight,root volume and the numbers of lateral roots and fibrous roots.The contents of chemical components in tobacco leaves treated with the two biocontrol agents were appropriate and their proportions were more harmonious.

关 键 词：烟草 根茎类病害 复合生防菌剂 农艺性状 根系性状 化学成分 发病率 病情指数 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学]