西南某地环境氟暴露对居民健康的影响  

Health impact of environmental fluorine exposure in a region of Southwest China

作　　者：罗兰英[1] 宁锐军[1] 钟格梅[1] 黄林[1] 廖敏[1] 刘军[1] 许露曦 陆皓泉[1] 黄江平[1] 王芬芬 LUO Lan-ying;NING Rui-jun;ZHONG Ge-mei;HUANG Lin;LIAO Min;LIU Jun;XU Lu-xi;LU Hao-quan;HUANG Jiang-ping;WANG Fen-fen(Institute of Environmental Health and Endemic Disease Control,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning Guangxi,530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生与地方病防制所,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第19期2679-2682,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西医药卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S201681);广西卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20190917)。

摘　　要：目的动态监测西南某地某铝业周边居民氟暴露对健康状况的影响,为政府及企业制定相关防治策略提供科学依据。方法2018年在西南某地选择1家铝综合性冶炼企业,将其周边的行政村作为污染区,将距离较远的行政村作为对照区。采集8~12岁儿童及18~70岁居民尿液,检测样本氟含量、肌酐、尿β_(2)-微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)及N-乙酸氨基-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG酶),同时对儿童进行氟斑牙检查;选择氟斑牙儿童及部分正常儿童采集血液,检测血氟含量。结果污染区儿童和成人尿氟几何均值分别为0.41和0.53 mg/L,未超过国家有关标准限值,但污染区成人尿氟水平显著高于对照区(0.36mg/L),污染区儿童氟斑牙患病率(30.38%)明显高于对照区(2.53%),污染区儿童及成人的尿NAG水平(1.60和2.05 mg/L)均小于对照区(2.40和3.90 mg/L);成人及儿童的尿氟水平与尿NAG水平均呈正相关(P<0.05);氟斑牙组的血氟水平(0.033μg/mL)大于正常组(0.026μg/mL),且血氟水平与尿NAG水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论该地区居民高氟暴露已产生健康效应,应持续关注该地区居民尿氟负荷增加及儿童氟斑牙高患病率问题,动态监测该地区外环境氟水平及居民健康。Objective To dynamically monitor the effect of fluoride exposure on health status of residents around an aluminum industry in Southwest China,provide scientific basis for the government and enterprises to formulate relevant prevention and control strategies.Methods In 2018,a comprehensive smelting enterprise was selected in a region of Southwest China,the administrative village around the enterprise was selected as pollution area,the remote administrative village was selected as control area.The urine of children aged 8-12 years old and residents aged 18-70 years old were collected to detect the fluorine content,creatinine,urineβ_(2)-microglobulin(β_(2)-MG)and N-amino acetate-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG enzyme).The dental fluorosis examination was conducted among children.The children with dental fluorosis and some normal children were selected to collect blood and detect blood fluoride content.Results The urine fluorine geometeic average among children and adults in pollution area was 0.41 and 0.53 mg/L respectively,which did not exceed the relevant national standard limits,but the urine fluoride level of adults in pollution area was higher than that in control area(0.36 mg/L).The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children(30.38%)was higher than that in control area(2.53%).Both urine NAG enzyme levels in children and adults in pollution area(1.60 and2.05 mg/L)were lower than that in control area(2.40 and 3.90 mg/L).Both urinary fluoride levels in adults and children were positively correlated with urinary NAG enzyme levels(P<0.05).The blood fluoride level in fluorosis group(0.033μg/mL)was higher than that in normal group(0.026μg/mL)and blood fluoride level was negatively correlated with urine NAG enzyme level(P<0.05).Conclusion Health effects of high fluoride exposure of residents have happened in the area.It is necessary to continue to pay attention to the increase of urinary fluoride load and the high prevalence of dental fluorosis in children,dynamically monitor the fluorine level of external environment and

关 键 词：氟暴露 健康影响 西南地区 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]