2017—2019年北京市房山区中小学生伤害病例流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of injury cases among primary and middle school students in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2017-2019

作　　者：邓雅丽[1] 刘晓芬[1] 邢瑞婷[1] 葛万刚 DENG Ya-li;LIU Xiao-fen;XING Rui-ting;GE Wan-gang(Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心慢性病防治科,北京102488

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第19期2692-2695,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2017—2019年北京市房山区中小学生伤害的发生和分布情况,为采取有针对性且有效的干预措施提供依据。方法收集并分析北京市房山区4家伤害监测医院门急诊2017—2019年首次诊断为伤害的中小学生伤害监测资料。结果2017—2019年共报告中小学生伤害12140例,其中男生占66.8%,女生占33.2%。4—6月伤害病例比例较高,占全年的30.1%。上午伤害发生高峰时间为7∶00—7∶59,下午伤害发生高峰时间为16∶00—16∶59。学生伤害发生地点构成比例前3位为家中(50.3%)、学校与公共场所(25.7%)和公路/街道(10.2%),跌倒/摔伤(53.0%)是造成伤害的首因,其次是动物伤(18.7%)、钝器伤(9.9%)和刀/锐器伤(9.7%);伤害发生时活动构成比例前3位为休闲活动(48.1%)、步行(16.4%)和体育活动(14.2%)。伤害性质构成比例前3位为锐器/开放伤(36.2%)、扭伤/拉伤(31.9%)和挫伤/擦伤(21.4%);常见的伤害发生部位为上肢(44.1%)、下肢(26.4%)和头部(20.0%)。轻伤占96.6%,中度伤占2.9%,重度伤占0.5%。96.9%的伤害是意外伤害,2.3%是暴力/攻击,0.1%是自伤。结论2017—2019年北京市房山区中小学生伤害发生受多种因素影响,应根据不同性别和学段的学生特点,开展有效的安全教育和自我保护技能培训,以减少伤害的发生,保障学生的健康。Objective To understand the occurrence and distribution characteristics of injury among primary and middle school students in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2017-2019,provide basis for taking targeted and effective intervention measures.Methods The injury monitoring data of primary and middle school students who were firstly diagnosed as injuries in outpatient and emergency department of four injury monitoring hospitals in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2017-2019.Results A total of12140 cases of injuries in primary and middle school students were reported from 2017-2019,among which 66.8%were male and33.2%were female.Injuries occurred more frequently in April-June,accounting for 30.1%of the year.The peak time of morning injury was 7:00-7:59,and the peak time of afternoon injury was 16:00-16:59.The top three places of student injuries in the component proportion ratio were at home(50.3%),in schools and public places(25.7%)and on roads/streets(10.2%).Falls(53.0%)were the leading cause of injury,followed by animal injuries(18.7%),blunt force injuries(9.9%),and knife/sharp weapon injuries(9.7%).The top three activities at the time of the injury in the component proportion ratio were leisure activities(48.1%),walking(16.4%)and physical activities(14.2%).The top three injury types in the component proportion ratio were sharp instrument/open wound(36.2%),sprain/strain(31.9%)and bruise/scratch(21.4%).The common injury sites were upper limbs(44.1%),lower limbs(26.4%)and head(20.0%).Minor injuries accounted for 96.6%,moderate injuries accounted for 2.9%,and severe injuries accounted for 0.5%.96.9%of injuries were accidental injuries,2.3%were intentional injuries and 0.1%were self-injury.Conclusion The injuries among primary and middle school students in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2017-2019 are affected by many factors.According to the characteristics of students of different genders and academic section,effective safety education and self-protection skills training should be carried out to reduce the occurrence

关 键 词：创伤和损伤 疾病 学生 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]