唯物史观与明代宦官历史书写:丁易《明代特务政治》初探  

Historical Materialism and the Research on Ming Eunuchs:A Discussion on Ding Yi’s Secret Politics of the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：秦艳君[1] QIN Yanjun

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,300350

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2021年第5期26-33,153,共9页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：以往学界多强调《明代特务政治》写作的政治目的,认为其将"特务""特务政治"等时代性政治术语,带到历史研究当中,并且有意识地搜集定向材料,严重破坏了历史的科学性,造成了历史的失真。但是脱去政治意识形态的外衣,实际上它仍具有相当的学术价值。《明代特务政治》是丁易学习、运用马克思主义唯物史观,写就的一部明代宦官专题史。它以讽喻现实为目的,包含了丰富的政治、社会、学术方面的信息。《明代特务政治》遵循马克思主义阶级分析方法,利用独特的叙事语言与逻辑,开辟了明代宦官研究的新路径。它突破了明代士大夫建构的"宦官干政"书写模式,建立了明代宦官整体系统的分析框架。《明代特务政治》不仅对明代政治史研究具有重要的学术意义,而且对它的全面考察,对重新认识20世纪40年代中国马克思主义史学,具有一定的启发意义。The past scholarship emphasized the political purpose of Secret Politics of the Ming Dynasty,and criticized it for using terms as"secret agent"and"secret politics"to destroy historical neutrality.However,the book has considerable academic values.It is a special history of eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty,written by Ding Yi,who studied and used Marxist historical materialism.In addition to the abundant political,social,and academic information,Secret Politics of the Ming Dynasty followed the Marxist class analysis and set up a new approach to Ming eunuch research.It surpassed the"eunuch politics"model constructed by the Ming bureaucrats,and established the overall analytical framework to deal with the eunuch institution.Not only does it contribute significantly to the Ming political history,but it shed some light on the Marxist Historiography in China in the 1940 s.

关 键 词：丁易 《明代特务政治》 明代宦官 中国马克思主义史学 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691.4[历史地理—中国史]