黑热病流行区疾控与医疗机构人员防治知识知晓调查  

Awareness survey of knowledge about prevention and treatment on kala-azar in medical staff from epidemic areas

作　　者：李凡[1] 杨俊克[1] 杨成明[1] 余大为[1] 朱亚东 LI Fan;YANG Jun-ke;YANG Cheng-ming;YU Da-wei;ZHU Ya-dong(Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,兰州730020

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2021年第5期31-33,共3页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81703171)。

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省黑热病流行区疾病预防控制机构(简称疾控机构)和医疗机构专业人员黑热病防治和诊治能力现状,为制定针对性的培训措施提供依据。方法2019年采用问卷方式调查甘肃省5个黑热病主要流行县、13个一般流行县专业人员黑热病防治和诊治知识知晓情况。结果46名疾控机构防治人员6项调查内容显示,"本地是否有黑热病流行、传染源、传播媒介和主要治疗药物"的知晓率分别为71.7%,60.9%,69.6%和63.0%。对于"犬是传染源(χ^(2)=10.932)、主要治疗药物(χ^(2)=17.700)、常用检测方法(χ^(2)=16.364)和病犬主要症状(χ^(2)=5.976)"4项内容,主要流行县和一般流行县防治人员知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调查50名县级医疗机构医生,"黑热病治疗药物和病原学检测方法"知晓率分别为90.0%和66.0%,对"甘肃省黑热病主要流行区、主要症状、免疫学检查方法、治疗药物使用方法和治疗耐药后替代药品"的知晓率分别为42.0%,34.0%,10.0%,58.0%和20.0%,主要流行县和一般流行县医生对"甘肃省主要流行区"的知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.830,P<0.05);96名调查对象,42人接受过相关专业知识培训。结论甘肃省黑热病流行区专业人员防治知识和医生诊治基本知识知晓率低;应加强黑热病相关知识的培训力度,防止疫情扩散,提高医疗机构人员诊治水平,避免漏诊和误诊。Objective To understand the current situation of ability of prevention and control,diagnosis and treatment on kala-azar in the professional staffs in the institutions of prevention and control,and medical treatment in the epidemic areas of Gansu province,so as to provide basis for formulating targeted training measures.Methods The questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the awareness rate of knowledge include kala-azar prevention and control,diagnosis and treatment in the professional staffs from 5 major epidemic counties,and 13 general endemic counties in Gansu province,2019.Results The survey of 6 questions in 46 professionals from the institutions of disease prevention and control showed that the awareness rates were 71.7%of whether the kala-azar prevalent in local area or not,60.9%of the source of infection,69.6%of the transmission media and 63.0%of the main treatment drugs.There were statistical differences(P<0.05)in the awareness rates of the 4 questions,including the infection source of dogs(χ^(2)=10.932),the main treatment drugs(χ^(2)=17.700),common detecting method(χ^(2)=16.364)and the main symptoms of the sick dogs(χ^(2)=5.976)in the staffs of prevention institutions between the major epidemic areas and general epidemic areas.Among the 50 doctors working in the medical institutes of county level,the awareness rates were 90.0%the treatment drugs for kala-azar and 66.0%of the etiological detection method,and 42.0%of the major epidemic areas of kala-azar in Gansu province,34.0%of main symptoms,10.0%of immunological test method,58.0%of usage of the treatment drugs and 20.0%of the alternative drugs if the resistance occurred after the treatment.There was statistical difference(χ^(2)=7.830,P<0.05)in the awareness rates of the major epidemic areas in Gansu province between the staffs from major epidemic counties and the general epidemic counties.Out of the 96 respondents,only42 received related professional training.Conclusions The awareness rates of the basic knowledge about kala-azar diagnos

关 键 词：黑热病 知晓率 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R531.6[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]