青海虎头崖多金属矿床矿石矿物标型特征与成因  

Typomorphic characteristics and genesis of ore minerals in Hutouya polymetallic deposit, Qinghai Province

作　　者：刘程爱 易立文 鲁安怀[3] 谷湘平[4] 于娟 张圆圆[1] 李秋平 LIU Cheng-ai;YI Li-wen;LU An-huai;GU Xiang-ping;YU Juan;ZHANG Yuan-yuan;LI Qiu-ping(College of Geographic Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of geospatial Big Data Mining and Application,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Geosciences and Info-Physics,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学地理科学学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410081 [3]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [4]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿物学报》2021年第6期610-622,共13页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2019YFC1805900);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(编号:19C1178);中南大学有色金属成矿预测与地质环境监测教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:2019YSJS07)。

摘　　要：虎头崖矿床是青海祁漫塔格地区重要的铅锌多金属矿床之一,该区岩浆活动强烈,具有Fe、Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn等多金属成矿元素组合。本文在前人研究成果的基础上,通过分析虎头崖矿床不同矿脉黄铜矿、闪锌矿、磁铁矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿和毒砂6种主要矿石矿物的标型特征,探讨其对于矿床成矿作用的指示意义。通过分析虎头崖矿床2号矿脉、6号矿脉、7号矿脉闪锌矿中Zn/Fe比值(平均值分别为19.62、32.71、24.91)、Zn/Cd比值(均值分别为179.39、148.00、182.33)、Fe含量和FeS含量,以及黄铜矿中S元素含量、(Fe+Cu)/S比值(平均值分别为1.97、1.90、1.86),认为虎头崖矿床大致形成于中温环境,成矿温度自主岩体沿断层接触带向围岩逐渐降低,且7号脉闪锌矿成矿温度表现出从第1世代到第3世代逐渐降低的特点。根据磁铁矿中TiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)、MgO、MnO和闪锌矿中Fe、Mn、Cd、Zn等化学成分特征,结合矿床地质特征和前人研究成果,认为虎头崖矿床成因类型为矽卡岩型矿床。Hutouya deposit is one of the most important lead-zinc polymetallic deposits in the Qimantage area, Qinghai Province. There are strongly developed magmatic rocks in the Qimantage area, with polymetallic ore-forming element combinations of Fe, Cu, Mo, Pb, Zn, and other elements. On the basis of previous research results, in this paper, through the analysis of the typomorphic characteristics of six kinds of main ore minerals, including chalcopyrite, sphalerite, magnetite, pyrrhotite, galena, and arsenopyrite in different veins of the Hutouya deposit, we have discussed their metallogenic significances of the deposit. Based on the analysis of Zn/Fe ratios(with respective average values of 19.62, 32.71, 24.91), Zn/Cd ratios(with respective average values of 179.39, 148.00, 182.33), Fe contents, and FeS contents for respective sphalerites and S contents,(Fe+Cu)/S ratios(wit respective average values of 1.97, 1.90, 1.86) for respective chalcopyrites in No.2, No.6, and No.7 veins of the Hutouya deposit, it is considered that the Hutouya deposit could be formed in the middle temperature environment, with the gradual decrease of the ore-forming temperatures from the main intrusive body, the fault contact zone, to the wallrock. In addition, the ore-forming temperatures of sphalerites in No.7 vein are decreased gradually from the first generation to the third generation of sphalerites. Based on the chemical composition characteristics of TiO_(2), Al_(2)O_(3), MgO, MnO in magnetites and Fe, Mn, Cd, Zn in sphalerites, combined with geological characteristics of the deposit and previous research results, it is believed that the Hutouya deposit belongs to the skarn-type deposit.

关 键 词：矿物标型特征 成矿温度 矿床成因 电子探针 虎头崖矿床 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学]