作物株型与产量研究进展与展望  

Crop plant architecture and grain yields

作　　者：王文广 王永红 WANG WenGuang;WANG YongHong(State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,College of Life Sciences,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院分子植物卓越创新中心,上海200032

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2021年第10期1366-1375,共10页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国科学院联合项目(批准号:L192400064,XK2019SMC008);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:91935301)资助。

摘　　要：作物株型主要包括株高、分蘖数、分蘖角度和穗部形态等,是决定作物产量的重要农艺性状.作物株型的驯化或改良已在作物产量的突破中起到至关重要的作用.随着作物株型分子调控网络的不断解析,为通过分子设计改良作物株型、进一步提高作物产量奠定了坚实的基础.重点关注水稻等模式作物株型调控机理的最新研究进展及其对株型改良和产量的贡献,并对作物株型未来的研究趋势进行了展望.同时,针对我国未来粮食增产面临的瓶颈,提出了应对策略,为面向2035年进行了战略布局.Crop plant architecture, which mainly consists of plant height, tiller number, tiller angle, and panicle morphology, is an important agronomic trait that determines grain yields. The domestication or improvement of plant architecture has largely contributed to enhancing grain yield potential. The elucidation of the molecular regulatory networks underlying plant architecture will pave the way for the molecular design breeding of crops. In this article, we focus on latest progress in exploring the mechanisms that control crop plant architecture, and its contribution to grain yields. We also propose the future trend in the field of plant architecture improvement,and provide strategies for breaking the bottlenecks of crop yields in China towards 2035.

关 键 词：株型 产量 分蘖数 分蘖角度 穗型 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]