An Oryza-specific hydroxycinnamoyl tyramine gene cluster contributes to enhanced disease resistance  

一个稻属特异存在的芳香族酚胺基因簇助力水稻广谱抗性

作　　者：Shuangqian Shen Meng Peng Hong Fang Zixuan Wang Shen Zhou Xinyu Jing Meng Zhang Chenkun Yang Hao Guo Yufei Li Long Lei Yuheng Shi Yangyang Sun Xianqing Liu Congping Xu Takayuki Tohge Meng Yuan Alisdair R.Fernie Yuese Ning Guo-Liang Wang Jie Luo 沈双欠;彭梦;方红;王梓烜;周申;靖鑫宇;张猛;杨陈坤;郭昊;李宇飞;雷龙;施宇恒;孙阳阳;刘贤青;许从萍;Takayuki Tohge;袁猛;Alisdair R.Fernie;宁约瑟;王国梁;罗杰(National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan),Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Department of Plant Pathology,Ohio State University,Columbus OH 43210,USA;VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology,Ghent University,Ghent 9052,Belgium;Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology,Potsdam-Golm 14476,Germany;Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology,Plovdiv 4000,Bulgaria;Graduate School of Biological Sciences,Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Ikoma Nara 630-0192,Japan)

机构地区：[1]National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan),Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China [2]College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China [3]State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China [4]Department of Plant Pathology,Ohio State University,Columbus OH 43210,USA [5]VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology,Ghent University,Ghent 9052,Belgium [6]Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology,Potsdam-Golm 14476,Germany [7]Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology,Plovdiv 4000,Bulgaria [8]Graduate School of Biological Sciences,Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Ikoma Nara 630-0192,Japan

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2021年第23期2369-2380,共12页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (31625021);the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31821005);the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31530052);the Hainan University Startup Fund (KYQD(ZR)1866)。

摘　　要：Genomic clustering of non-homologous genes for the biosynthesis of plant defensive compounds is an emerging theme, but insights into their formation and physiological function remain limited. Here we report the identification of a newly discovered hydroxycinnamoyl tyramine(HT) gene cluster in rice.This cluster contains a pyridoxamine 50-phosphate oxidase(Os PDX3) producing the cofactor pyridoxal50-phosphate(PLP), a PLP-dependent tyrosine decarboxylase(Os Ty DC1), and two duplicated hydroxycinnamoyl transferases(Os THT1 and Os THT2). These members were combined to represent an enzymological innovation gene cluster. Natural variation analysis showed that the abundance of the toxic tyramine intermediate of the gene cluster among different rice accessions is mainly determined by the coordinated transcription of Os Ty DC1 and Os THT1. Further pathogen incubation assays demonstrated that the end products of the HT gene cluster displayed enhanced resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae(Xoo) and fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae(M. oryzae), and the enhanced resistance is associated with the boost of phytoalexins and the activation of defense response. The unique presence of the HT gene cluster in Oryza AA genome, together with the enrichment of transposon elements within this gene cluster region, provides an evolutionary background to accelerate cluster member combinations. Our study not only discovered a gene cluster involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolism but also addressed the key aspects of gene cluster formation. In addition, our results provide a new metabolic pool for plant defense against pathogens.代谢基因簇(Biosynthetic Gene Cluster)由多个来源于不同酶家族的基因在染色体上相邻或是相近的位置组成.近十年来的研究发现,许多参与植物防御和具有重要医药价值的植物次生代谢物由植物代谢基因簇编码合成,但对此类基因簇的形成过程、生理功能以及进化等方面知之甚少.本研究综合利用基于代谢物的全基因组关联分析(m GWAS)、体外酶活力测定、植物稳定转化和烟草瞬时表达等多种手段在水稻10号染色体上发现并鉴定了一个芳香族酚胺基因簇——羟基肉桂酰酪胺(HT)基因簇.该基因簇由1个吡哆醇5′-磷酸氧化酶、1个酪氨酸脱羧酶和2个酰基转移酶组成,其终产物羟基肉桂酰酪胺具有植物抗毒素效应,能够显著提高水稻对两大典型病害(白叶枯和稻瘟病)的抗性.比较基因组学证据显示转座子(TEs)在HT基因簇关键组分的组装中发挥重要作用,侧面印证该基因簇的形成兼具"解毒"和"抗病"双重功效.进一步的进化分析表明, HT基因簇在稻属AA基因组分支中特异存在,其关键组分在这些植物中存在基因拷贝数和相对位置的变异.综上,本研究揭示了水稻芳香族酚胺基因簇的生化基础及其在水稻广谱抗性方面的作用,不仅为作物抗性方面的遗传改良提供了新资源,也为植物中代谢基因簇的形成机制和进化模式等方面提供了新的见解.

关 键 词：Rice Gene cluster Hydroxycinnamic acid amide PHYTOALEXIN Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae Magnaporthe oryzae Transposon element 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]