内蒙古东部膜下滴灌旱作水稻作物需水量与产量研究  

Crop Water Requirement and Yield of Aerobic Rice Under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Eastern Inner Mongolia

作　　者：刘虎[1,2] 王健[1] 阿比亚斯 陈功 高天明[1] 肇志强 辛海霞 Liu Hu;Wang Jian;Abiyasi;Chen Gong;Gao Tianming;Zhao Zhiqiang;Xin Haixia(Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010020;Water Conservancy Bureau of Jalaid Banner,Xingan League Inner Mongolia 137600;Bureau of Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology of Horqin Right Wing Front Banner,Xingan League Inner Mongolia 137600)

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古扎赉特旗水利局,内蒙古兴安盟137600 [4]内蒙古科右前旗农牧和科技局,内蒙古兴安盟137600

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第29期146-151,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG027、2020GG0181、2021GG0060、2021ZY0031);中国水利水电科学研究院专项经费项目(MK2018J07)。

摘　　要：提高水资源利用率,解决农业用水短缺一直是世界性的问题,如何在减少灌溉用水量和优化用水结构的同时保障内蒙古主要水稻产区的粮食生产能力,是目前的研究热点。本研究基于水量平衡原理,于2018—2019年的5—9月在内蒙古东部扎赉特旗开展膜下滴灌旱作水稻灌溉试验,并且以传统插秧泡田种植为参照,提出了内蒙古东部典型地区膜下滴灌旱作水稻的作物需水量和不同生育阶段需水规律,并且分析了不同灌溉方式的水稻最终产量及作物需水系数。研究结果表明膜下滴灌水稻全生育期需水量为608.4 mm,其生育阶段土壤含水率占饱和含水量的85%~100%时的产量最大,苗期需水量最小,抽穗灌浆期最大;拔节孕穗中期的耗水强度最大,需水系数在全生育期中抽穗灌浆期为最大。It is a worldwide problem to improve the utilization rate of water resources and solve the shortage of agricultural water. How to reduce the irrigation water consumption and optimize the water consumption structure while ensuring the grain production capacity in the main rice producing areas in Inner Mongolia could be regarded as a research hotspot. Based on the principle of water balance, the experiment of aerobic rice under mulched drip irrigation was carried out in Jalaid Banner, eastern Inner Mongolia from May to September2018-2019. Taking the traditional rice transplanting mode as a reference, this paper explored the crop water requirements of mulched drip irrigation rice in different growth stages in typical planting areas of eastern Inner Mongolia, and analyzed the final yield and crop water requirement coefficient of rice under different irrigation methods. The results showed that the water requirement of rice under mulched drip irrigation was 608.4 mm in the whole growth period. When the soil moisture content was 85%-100% of the saturated water content in the growth stage, the yield was the highest. Water requirement was the minimum at seedling stage and the maximum at heading and filling stage. The maximum water consumption intensity was in the middle stage of jointing and booting, and the maximum water demand coefficient was at heading and filling stage in the whole growth period.

关 键 词：旱作水稻 膜下滴灌 需水规律 需水系数 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]