砜嘧磺隆在烤烟生产中的应用及安全性评价  

Application and Safety Evaluation of Rimsulfuron in Flue-cured Tobacco Production

作　　者：周伟 向德明 田明慧 杨红武 向青松 滕凯 饶巍 Zhou Wei;Xiang Deming;Tian Minghui;Yang Hongwu;Xiang Qingsong;Teng Kai;Rao Wei(Fenghuang Branch of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Tobacco Company,Fenghuang Hunan 416200;Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Tobacco Company,Jishou Hunan 416000;Hunan Tobacco Company,Changsha 410005;Taoyuan Branch of Changde Tobacco Company,Taoyuan Hunan 415700)

机构地区：[1]湖南湘西州烟草公司凤凰县分公司,湖南凤凰416200 [2]湖南湘西州烟草公司,湖南吉首416000 [3]湖南省烟草公司,长沙410005 [4]湖南常德市烟草公司桃源县分公司,湖南桃源415700

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第28期88-95,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司项目“湖南高端卷烟原料定制化开发”(18-20Aa01)。

摘　　要：为指导化学除草剂砜嘧磺隆在烤烟生产上的应用,在旺长初期,采取烟株茎叶定向喷雾的方法,研究砜嘧磺隆施用后烤烟的药害,评价其安全性,筛选奈安、芸苔素内脂2种保护剂与砜嘧磺隆混施,开展保护性试验。试验结果表明,25%碸嘧磺隆会对烤烟快速产生最高7级程度的药害,但药害症状表现期较短,施药10天后基本消失,15天后全部消失,烟株恢复正常生长,成熟期的烟叶无药剂残留。2种保护剂可对砜嘧磺隆产生的药害起到一定缓解修复作用;奈安保护剂使用效果优于芸苔素内酯,但两者对直接接触到药液的叶片影响效果修复不显著;2种保护剂降低了砜嘧磺隆对杂草的防效和持效期。在烟叶生产活动中砜嘧磺隆施用的有效浓度以50~58.3 mg/kg为宜,一旦发现烟株有明显的药害症状表现,即可喷施奈安或芸苔素内酯进行保护性修复。The paper aims to further guide the application of the chemical herbicide rimsulfuron in flue-cured tobacco production.In this experiment,the directional spray method on tobacco stems and leaves was used to study the phytotoxicity to flue-cured tobacco caused by rimsulfuron,and evaluate its safety.We screened out two protective agents,Nai’an and Brassinolide,mixed them with rimsulfuron,and carried out protective experiments at the early stage of vigorous growth period.The results showed that 25%rimsulfuron could quickly produce the highest level of phytotoxicity to flue-cured tobacco,but the symptoms of phytotoxicity were short,and basically disappeared after 10 days of application,and disappeared after 15 days.The tobacco plants returned to normal growth,and the tobacco leaves at the mature stage had no drug residue.The two protective agents played a certain role in alleviating the phytotoxicity caused by rimsulfuron.The effect of Nai’an was better than that of brassinolide,however,the effect of both the agents on leaves directly exposed to the liquid medicine was not significant.The two protective agents reduced the control effect and duration of rimsulfuron on weeds.The appropriate concentration of rimsulfuron in tobacco production was 50-58.3 mg/kg.Once the tobacco plants showed obvious symptoms of phytotoxicity,Nai’an or brassinolide should be sprayed for protective restoration.

关 键 词：碸嘧磺隆 烤烟 药害 奈安 芸苔素内脂 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]