黄瓜新炭疽病原的鉴定及生物学特性初探  

Pathogen Identification and Biological Characteristics of a New Anthracnose on Cucumber

作　　者：韩帅[1] 吴婕[1] 张河庆[1] 梁根云[2] 席亚东[1] Han Shuai;Wu Jie;Zhang Heqing;Liang Genyun;Xi Yadong(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610066;Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,成都610066 [2]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所/蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第28期96-102,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：四川省财政创新能力提升项目“黄瓜白粉病抗性基因研究与新材料创制”(2016GXTZ-005);四川省现代农业学科建设推进工程“蔬菜新病害的鉴定及重要病原菌致病机理研究”(2021XKJS087);四川省财政创新能力提升工程专项“无苦味华南型黄瓜及丛生南瓜优异种质创新及高效栽培技术研究”(2016SCHH-018)。

摘　　要：明确引起黄瓜炭疽病的病原,旨在为该病的有效防治提供理论依据。通过形态学方法、柯赫氏法则验证,基于ITS、ACT和GDPH序列分析鉴定病原菌,并对该菌的生物学特性进行研究。结果表明,该菌回接黄瓜后的症状与田间症状一致。在PDA培养基上菌落为黑色,气生菌丝稀疏、灰白色;分生孢子长柱形,透明无隔;分生孢子盘着生黑色刚毛;孢子附着胞浅褐色,卵圆形,个别双生;菌丝附着胞深褐色,不规则形、浅裂或深裂。结合病原菌三基因联合建树的分析结果,可将其鉴定为Colletotrichum brevisporum。最适菌丝生长和产孢的温度25℃、pH 8,在PDA培养基上菌丝延伸最快,OA培养基上产孢最多,碳源中葡萄糖利于菌丝生长,可溶性淀粉和乳糖利于产孢,氮源中蛋白胨和酵母浸粉最适合菌丝生长,且后者产孢最多,致死温度为49℃。Identifying the pathogen causing suspected anthracnose on cucumber can lay a foundation to control the disease effectively. Experiments were performed including Koch’s postulation test, biological characteristics identification using morphology and molecular methods based on ITS, ACT and GDPH sequences. The results showed that the symptom of inoculated cucumber leaves was the same as field symptom.The pathogen’s colony was black with sparse gray-white aerial mycelium. Conidia were long cylindrical,hyaline, aseptate;acervuli generated black seta;conidial appressoria were light brown and oval, several conidia produced twins;mycelial appressoria were dark brown and irregular, sometimes were deep or slightly lobed.Based on the above morphology description, the fungus was identified as Colletotrichum brevisporum according to the results of phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequences including ITS region, ACT and GDPH genes.The optimum temperature and pH for mycelial growth and spore reproduction were respectively 25℃ and 8,mycelium extended the fastest in PDA and the largest amount of conidium was produced in OA. Glucose was the most suitable carbon source for mycelia growth, soluble and lactose were most beneficial to reproduction spore. Peptone and yeast extract powder were conductive to mycelial growth and the latter was the best for making spores. The lethal temperature was 49℃.

关 键 词：黄瓜炭疽病 Colletotrichum brevisporum 病原鉴定 多基因分子系统学 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]