英语低元音与鼻音组构借入普通话的借词音系分析  

A Study on the Co-occurrence of English Low Vowel and Nasal Loaned into Mandarin

作　　者：王巍[1] Wang Wei(College of the Humanities,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《现代语文》2021年第8期71-82,共12页Modern Chinese

基　　金：国家留学基金委国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目“借词音系研究”(CSC202006170075)。

摘　　要：主要对英语低元音与鼻音组构借入普通话的匹配情况进行探讨,研究发现:1.源词和借词倾向于保持元音音段的相似性,这是因为元音在语音听感上的显著性要高于鼻音;2.借入语固有的音系规则会影响到借词音系改造的结果,普通话具有韵母和谐的特征,即低元音部位同化,要求前低元音[a]与前鼻音[n]组构,后低元音[ɑ]和后鼻音[ŋ]组构,从而直接排除了不合法的借词表层形式;3.源语、中介语和拼写形式等语法外因素,也会影响借词音系分析的结果。从整体上看,英语低元音与鼻音组构借入普通话的匹配模式符合最佳配对的借词音系分析模型。This paper studies how the co-occurrence of English low vowel and nasal is loaned into Mandarin Chinese.The research findings are that:1.the adaptation of English low vowel-nasal combination follows a vowel matching,rather than nasal matching,between the source word and the loan word;2.the borrowing language phonotactics also play a role in the adaptation as Mandarin rime harmony requires the low front vowel[a]to appear before nasal[n],while the low back vowel[ɑ]to precede nasal[ŋ];3.the extra-grammatical factors,such as the source language,the interlanguage and the orthography,will interfere with the adaptation result.Overall,the adaptation of English low vowel and nasal combination provides support for the perceptual assimilation,which emphasizes the interaction between the phonetic and the phonological constraints.

关 键 词：低元音与鼻音组构 借词音系 听感相似性 固有音系规则 最佳配对 

分 类 号：H311[语言文字—英语] H116