基于(火积)理论的船用锅炉构形优化  

Constructal optimization for a marine boiler based on entransy theory

作　　者：陈林根 冯辉君 谢卓君 唐威 戈延林 CHEN LinGen;FENG HuiJun;XIE ZhuoJun;TANG Wei;GE YanLin(Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;College of Power Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学热科学与动力工程研究所,武汉430205 [2]武汉工程大学机电工程学院,武汉430205 [3]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2021年第10期1208-1218,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51779262)资助项目。

摘　　要：基于(火积)理论和构形理论,在三个主要换热部件(蒸发器、过热器和经济器)总换热面积一定的约束条件下,以第Ⅲ对流蒸发管束外径、过热器管外径和经济器管外径为优化变量,对船用锅炉进行性能优化,得到整体锅炉的最优性能和最优构形.首先,以(火积)耗散率和耗功率线性加权组成的复合函数为目标进行优化,并分析保热系数、加权系数和换热率等初始设计参数对整体锅炉构形优化结果的影响.结果表明:第Ⅲ对流蒸发管束无量纲管外径、过热器无量纲管外径和经济器无量纲管外径分别存在最佳值1.2, 1.3和1.1,使得复合函数取得三次最小值0.737.相比于初始设计点,优化后整体锅炉的复合函数最高降低26.3%,锅炉综合性能得到显著提升.其次,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对整体锅炉进行两目标优化得到相应的Pareto前沿和锅炉最优构形,为整体锅炉的性能优化和结构设计提供一个更为广泛的选择空间.本文研究结果可为各种锅炉的性能优化设计提供理论指导.Based on entransy theory and constructal theory, performance optimization of a marine boiler is conducted by taking the outer diameters of the third convection evaporation tube, superheater tube, and economizer tube as the design variables with the total heat transfer area constraint of three main heat exchange components(evaporator, superheater, and economizer). The optimal construct and performance of the whole boiler are obtained. First, the optimization is performed by taking a complex function comprising the linear weighted sum of entransy dissipation rate and power consumption rate as the optimization objective. The influences of initial design parameters, such as heat preservation coefficient, weighting coefficient for the composite function, and heat transfer rate, on the constructal optimization results of the whole boiler, are analyzed. Results show that the optimal dimensionless tube outer diameters of the evaporator, superheater, and economizer are 1.2, 1.3, and 1.1, respectively, which make the composite function obtain the cubic minimum value of 0.737. Compared with the initial design point, the composite function of the overall boiler is reduced by 26.3%, and the comprehensive performance of the boiler is significantly improved. Second, the bi-objective optimization of the overall boiler based on the composite function is conducted based on the NSGA-II algorithm, and the corresponding Pareto frontier and optimal construct of the boiler are obtained, which can provide a wider selection space for the performance optimization and parameter design of the overall boiler. The results of this paper can provide a certain degree of theoretical guidelines for the overall performance optimization design of marine boilers.

关 键 词：(火积)理论 构形理论 船用锅炉 (火积)耗散率 耗功率 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U664.5[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]