椴树属果实表型性状变异分析及其分类学意义  

Analysis of Phenotypic Variation and Taxonomic Significance of Tilia Fruits

作　　者：王欢利[1] 严灵君 李迎超[2] 黄犀 张振英 李常猛 汤诗杰[1] WANG Huanli;YAN Lingjun;LI Yingchao;HUANG Xi;ZHANG Zhenying;LI Changmeng;TANG Shijie(Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Science,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources,Nanjing 210014,China;Research institute of Forestry,Chinese Acdemy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Qingdao Taitou Gradens Seedling Technology Limited company,Qingdao Shandong 266100,China;Nuluerhushan National Nature Reserve Administration of Liaoning Province,Chaoyang Liaoning 122000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏省植物资源研究与利用重点实验室,南京210014 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [3]青岛抬头生态农业有限公司,山东青岛266100 [4]辽宁努鲁儿虎山国家级自然保护区管理局,辽宁朝阳122000

出　　处：《种子》2021年第10期20-27,共8页Seed

基　　金：国家自然基金青年科学基金项目“基于低拷贝基因的椴树属系统发育及生物地理研究”(31700477);江苏省科技项目基础研究计划(自然科学基金)青年基金项目“珍贵乡土树种南京椴亲缘地理学和保护遗传学”(BK 20170619);江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目“珍贵乡土树种南京椴标准化育苗技术集成与示范”(LYKJ[2019]06)。

摘　　要：椴树属植物个体间形态变异较大,种间分类关系存在较大的争议。对我国5个省的南京椴、紫椴、糠椴、糯米椴共25份野外种质及山东省引种的欧洲小叶椴、欧洲大叶椴、银毛椴和美洲椴4份栽培种质果实的4个表型特征进行测量,通过方差分析、多重比较、相关性分析及聚类分析,量化评价椴树属果实表型性状变异。结果表明,椴树属果实性状变异丰富,属内变异主要来源于物种间,南京椴变异主要来源于群体内;果实性状在不同基因型间呈显著差异;果实百粒重与果实的纵径和横径呈显著的正相关;依据果实性状聚类可将椴树属物种划分为壳果组小果型、木果组大果型和木果组小果型3类。The plants of Tilia have great morphological variation among individuals,and the taxonomic relationship among species is controversial.In this paper,the 4 phenotypic characteristics of linden fruits of 25 wild germplasms from 5 provinces of China including Tilia miqueliana,Tilia amurensis,Tilia mandshurica and Tilia henryana,and of 4 cultivated germplasms including Tilia cordata Greenspire,Tilia platyphyllos Zelzate,Tilia tomentosa Sterling and Tilia Americana Sentry were investigated by analysis of variance,multiple comparison,correlation analysis and cluster analysis,and the phenotypic variation of Tilia fruits was evaluated quantitatively.The results showed that the variation of fruit character of Tilia was abundant,and the variation of Tilia mainly existed in inter-species,and the variation of T.miqueliana was mainly from the population.Additionally,there were significant differences in fruit traits among different genotypes,while there was a significant positive correlation between the 100-seed weight and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of fruit.In conclusion,Tilia species could be divided into three groups,namely small fruit type,large fruit type and small fruit type according to the clustering of fruit traits.

关 键 词：椴树属 果实表型性状 多样性指数 表型分化系数 

分 类 号：Q944.1[生物学—植物学]